Lecture 14 Dreaming

Question 1

Dreaming occurs

Answer 1

when you are in REM and non-REM (NREM) states

Question 2

NREM

Answer 2

75% of our sleep

Question 3

Muscle atonia

Answer 3

Whatever you are doing in the dream in replicated in your cortex but stopped for your body. Caused by pons

Question 4

Sleep walking

Answer 4

NREM sleep disorder

Question 5

If you disable pons

Answer 5

this is called REM sleep walking

Question 6

Visual anoneria

Answer 6

People who have no dream imagery, tend to also have a walking deficit in imaging memories

Question 7

Dream research

Answer 7

plagued by the problem of not knowing when dreams happen and the fact that we forget most of our dreams.

Question 8

worst way to recall dreams

Answer 8

ask people what their dreams are like

Question 9

2nd worst way to recall dreams

Answer 9

having a diary next to your bed where you log your dreams

Question 10

2nd Best way to recall dreams

Answer 10

ask people every morning what their dreams are

Question 11

best way to recall dreams

Answer 11

sleep lab, but it is the most difficult to do.

Question 12

Dreams are like

Answer 12

scene shifts are common
tend to be a narrative (going to the bathroom)
tend to be experienced “first person”
Dream emotion tends to match content
always animated
rarely bizarre, but when they are we don’t notice it until we are awake.

Question 13

Phrontal cortex

Answer 13

notices the strange dreams

Question 14

Dreams are not like

Answer 14

Films
visual images
recent social situations
pre-sleep behaviors

recent episodic memory

Question 15

Interference from the world

Answer 15

dreaming and you need to urinate

dreaming of teeth falling out (which 70% of people do during sleep) caused by dental irritation

Question 16

How can you affect your dream

Dream incubation

Answer 16

Pre-sleep attention to a specific concern

Dream incubation

Question 17

Threat simulation theory (TST)

Answer 17

By philosopher Antti Revonsuo
A major function of dreaming to practice dealing with potential future threats that were common in our ancestral environment.

Question 18

Support for TST

Answer 18

children have many dreams about animals chasing them, but it decreases when they age.

Negative emotions appear twice as often as positive ones.

People react appropriately to dream threats 94% of the time

Question 19

genetic, not cultural

Answer 19

when something is frequent in childhood but decreases with age, like kids dreaming and obsessed with animals.

Question 20

Play and Phobia

Answer 20

Ancient survival behaviors are also over-represented in play and phobias.
Animals play appropriately for what they need to learn to do in the future .

Question 21

kids

Answer 21

don’t like school and textbook but like recess, their brain is telling them its useless.

Question 22

How information travels through brain

Answer 22

starts from stem and moves forward to pre-frontal cortex

Question 23

The dreaming Brain

Answer 23

THe brainstem is very active, sending information forward

The DLPFC (involved with executive function) is deactivated,

REM sleeps are practicing motor function

Question 24

AIM model of conscious state

Answer 24

Activation
Information flow
Mode of information processing

in REM sleep high on internal
Waking high on external
NREM is in the middle

Question 25

Lucid Dreaming

Answer 25

When you know you’re dreaming and you control your actions, and sometimes dream content

You can only control your eyes in the real world,

Training: dream diaries, reality check, tech, you can go lucid when you realize your in dream.

Question 26

Sleep Paralysis

Answer 26

You feel awake
You might feel chest pressure
You cant move
Its a carryover of muscle atnoia from sleep to waking
You have hallucinations, often of the presence of a malevolent character
You feel abject terror

Question 27

Incubus

Answer 27

you feel something on your chest so your brain depicts something scary

Question 28

Alien abductions

Answer 28

Only ever witnessed by one person