Lecture 10 Development

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

means a creature becoming better overtime through learning. (IQ tends to decrease after age 25)

Question 2

U shaped grammar curve

Answer 2

When a child is learning a language, it makes assumption on grammatical rules its learning which leads to eventually making grammatical mistakes.

Question 3

Universal grammar theory

Answer 3

the mind has a bunch a switches that get set when you learn language as a child, subject omission states when a child is learning a native language these switches are set.

Question 4

Critical Stage 3 - 5

Answer 4

During this stage children are learning 2 to 4 new words per day to their productive vocabulary. Their learning words that they don’t even hear, because they can link connections to other words.

Question 5

Jean Paget’s developmental stages

Answer 5

performed experiments on his own children

Sensorimotor (birth - 2)

Preoperational (2-6)

Concrete Operational (7-11)

Formal Operational (11–death)

Question 6

Egocentrism:

Answer 6

difficult in seeing world from

another’s viewpoint

Question 7

Centration:

Answer 7

narrowly focused
thought (only one part of a
problem, no conservation
of liquid)

Question 8

Piagets lasting contributions

Answer 8

Children have lasting contributions on their life, children are active participants very curious.

Question 9

Problem with Piagetian Theory

Answer 9

underestimates infants and overestimates adolescents. Pre-frontal cortex not fully developed leads to impulsive behavior.

Question 10

Lev Vygotsky

Answer 10

focused on social and cultural upbringing.

Question 11

Intersubjectivity

Answer 11

Shared understanding among participants of an activity (brining mattress in house with friend).

Question 12

Guided participation

Answer 12

cognitive growth results from childrens’ involvement in structured activities with others who are more skilled

Question 13

Zone of proximal development

Answer 13

the difference between what a child can do alone as opposed what it can do with help

Question 14

Scaffolding

Answer 14

teaching style that matches the amount of assistance to the learner’s needs.

Question 15

Private Speech

Answer 15

comments not directed to others but intended to help children regulate on
their own

Question 16

Inner speech

Answer 16

thought, internalized private speech, serving the same

function

Question 17

Synapses

Answer 17

a new born baby is born with 1.5 times more synapses when compared to other humans. These synapses are used to learn new faces.

Question 18

Self Control

Answer 18

Something you improve on the older you get. Kids from poorer area, failed the marshmallow test. Because they were raised in a chaotic environment (didn’t trust researcher). When compared to kids grown up in a good environment.

Question 19

Children improve in

Answer 19

• Better strategies
• Increased working memory
• Better inhibitory and executive functioning
• Increased automatic processing
• Increased speed of processing

Question 20

Core Knowledge Theories

Answer 20

Explains why children can learn language easily versus not learning calculus.

Question 21

Core Knowledge Theory Objects

Answer 21

4 - 5 month old’s have object permanence

Objects move in continuous paths

Objects can’t move through other objects

Question 22

Core Knowledge Theory Living things

Answer 22

12 - 5 mo. Can tell the difference between
animate and inanimate objects
Movement
Growth
• But don’t consider plants to be
• alive until 7 or 8 years of age
Internal parts
Inheritance
Illness
healing

Question 23

Core Knowledge Theory People

Answer 23

Theory of mind at 2-5

Trying to figure out what people are thinking

Question 24

Sensorimotor

Answer 24

(birth - 2) discovering that objects exist even after you hide them.

Question 25

Preoperational

Answer 25

(2-6) Discovering an inaccurate volume, quantity and size.

Question 26

Concrete Operational

Answer 26

(7-11) Discovering accurate volume, quantity and size. able to use induction.

Question 27

Formal Operational

Answer 27

(11–death) starts when you begin to think abstractly, (hypothetical thinking.