Lecture 11 Evolutionary Psychology Flashcards
Evolution
is a process of adaptation that happens to entities (can happen to all different things)
Evolution occurs when
Generation of diversity (mutation, crossover) Selective reproduction (survival and reproduction) Transmitted Change (genetic, taught, imitated)
Biological Evolution
Through natural, sexual and artificial selection. Good genes come into factor with sexual selection.
peppered moth evolution
the industrial evolution turned the trees black with soot which made the white moth stick out, now thanks to this some moths have turned black and some have turned back to white same colour as tree without soot.
Finch story
Jonathon Weiner found that different weather changed beaks because the finches had to adapt to eat.
Evolutionary Psychology
Explaining psychological traits as evolutionary adaptations.
Adaptationism
Theorizing about evolutionary causes for phenotypes
Figuring out why humans are they way they are, because of evolution.
(makes it easy for us to speculate and assume why humans think the way they do)
Predetermination
Mostly independent of environment (e.g eye colour)
Exaptation
something evolved for one purpose is used for another. (from jaw to ear)Things must come about gradually, cant create new things out of nothing.
Overridable
our ability to adapt to things like spicy or bitter food.
Baldwin effect (predisposition)
Because of our environment we can evolve to get rid of certain traits like humans not having fur and learning how to make clothes.
Cortical and Neural Recycling
we like the taste of aspartame even though its not beneficial to us
Cultural feedback loops
Less hair leads to fewer pests,
making fire and clothing allows
it to happen
Neoteny
the more neoteny there is in a species, the more offspring’s have similar traits to their adult counterparts. ( hunter gather societies tended to kill off violent members)
Pleistocene / paleolithic time
Our minds evolved mostly during this time period. This turned our mind into a collection of special purpose mechanisms for dealing with specific kinds of problems.
Mate Selection
Females of any species have a much greater burden to bear children, which intern causes the females to be more selective.
Men selection
Men like low waist to hip ratio (0.7), and low ratios produce smarter and healthier children. this is mostly true across all cultures. The poorer the country the bigger they like their women. (because lack of food)
Women selection
Women are very sensitive for smell, making it an important factor, Women prefer masculine faces when ovulating, when not more feminine faces, women also look for males with different immune systems (makes healthier children). Prefer high prestige men for long-term commitments, and more dominant men for short term sexual experiences.
Memory
People tend to remember more things to do with survival and danger
Selfish genes and kin selection
Married people tend to have the same traits.
Rules
Human have a distinct ability to detect things that break rules.
Our taste in Food
What is rare and necessary is what we enjoy to eat.