Lecture 13- Antibiotics pt.2 Flashcards
How do antibiotics that target folic acid work?
Competitive inhibition to block enzyme that creates folic acid
What do Sulfonamides do?
What do they target?
- Competes with natural PABA and inhibit DNA replication
- Folic acid
How do antibiotics that target cell membrane work?
Bind to LPS of gram negative bacteria
What is bad about Polymyxins?
What do they target?
- Toxic to the kidneys
- Cell membrane
How do antibiotics that target DNA/RNA work?
Target DNA gyrase in gram negative
Target topoisomerase in gram positive
What is bad about Quinolones?
What do they target?
Not recommended during pregnancy/for children
DNA/RNA
How do Rifamycins work?
What do they target?
- Block RNA polymerase
- DNA/RNA
Most antifungals are:
Fungistatic
How do Polyenes (antifungal) work?
Bind ergosterol in membrane
How do Macrolides (antifungal) work?
Treat systemic fungal infections
How do Azoles (antifungal) work?
Inhibit ergosterol synthesis
How do Euchinocandins (antifungal) work?
Damage cell wall of fungi
How do Flucytosine (antifungal) work?
Inhibit DNA replication
How do Quinine (Antiprotozoa) work?
Used for malaria parasite
What do mebendazole (antihelminth) work?
Inhibits metabolism in eggs
How do Praziquantel (antihelminth) work?
Paralyze fluke/tapeworms
How do antiviral groups that prevent entry work?
Bind receptor to prevent fusion with host
How do antivirals that prevent release work?
Inhibits neuraminidase for budding/releasing
How do antivirals that prevent transcription/translation work?
What virus are they mainly used for?
Makes fake nucleotides that are incorporated and stops transcription.
Those exposed to HIV
How do antivirals that prevent maturation work
Protease that stops viral assembly
