Cocci pt 1 Flashcards
What are the three most common disease causing Cocci?
- Staphylococcus
- Streptococcus
- Nisseriae
What are the common factors of the staphylococcus family?
- Oxygen requirements, gram typing, environmental
Gram +
Typically in clusters
Facultative anaerobes
Very resistant to environment
Where are Staph aureus typically found?
Found on 60% of humans
-colonized at birth
What are the types of enzymes that Staph Aureus have:
- Coagulase
- Penicillinase
- Hyaluronidase
- Staphylokinase
- Lipase
What do these enzymes do:
- Coagulase
- Penicillinase
- Coagulase= Clots blood plasma
- Penicillinase= Destroy penicillin antibiotic
What do these enzymes do:
- Hyaluronidase
- Staphylokinase
Hyaluronidase= Digests connective tissue
Staphylokinase= Digests blood clots
What does this enzyme do:
Lipase
Lipase= Digests skin oil to help colonize
What types of toxins do Staphylococcus aureus produce:
- Hemolysins
- Leukocidin
- Enterotoxin
- Exfolative
- Toxic shock toxin
What do these toxins do:
- Hemolysins
- Leukocidin
Hemolysins= Lyse blood cells
Leukocidin= Destroys neutrophils/macrophages
What do these toxins do:
Enterotoxin
Exfolative
Enterotoxin= Disrupts GI system
Exfolative= Detaches dermis/epidermis
What does this enzyme do:
Toxic shock toxin
Causes fever, rash, vomiting
What type of infections do staphylococcus aureus cause:
- Cutaneous
- Osteomyelitis
- Respiratory
- Bacteremia
- Fixed toxemia
- Scalded Skin syndrome
What do these infections invade:
- Cutaneous
- Osteomyelitis
- Cutaneous= Wounds, follicles, and glands
- Osteomyelitis= Systemic bone infection (bone necrosis)
How does the Staph species cause this infection?
Respiratory
Symptoms?
Naturally found in nose:
Goes into lungs and causes pneumonia/lung abcess
How does the Staph species cause this infection?
Bacteriemia (what does it infect?)
Escapes from skin infection/device
Goes to bloodstream, liver/kidneys/heart/brain
