Lecture 13

Question 1

what is the difference between pro-social behavior and altruism?

Answer 1

• pro-social is when you do something that helps someone else and also intend to help them
• altruism is when you also intend to help someone, but there is no reward to yourself

Question 2

what is the norm of family privacy?

Answer 2

• Als degene die hulp nodig heeft, mishandeld wordt door een bekende, zal je minder snel helpen omdat je niet de privacy van die mensen wilt schenden.

Question 3

what are the 5 cognitive steps to help?

Answer 3

1. you notice the situation
2. You notice that it is an emergency
3. You feel that you are personally responsible to help
4. You belief that you have the capability to help.
5. You consciously decide to help

Question 4

what is the evolutionary explanation, cost/benefit explanation and empathy-altruism explanation of helping?

Answer 4

• Evolutionary explanation: By helping others you help your gene pool or you expect to be helped in return (reciprocity)
• Cost/benefit explanation: you consider what It will cost cost you and what it will bring you if you help. (like lifting you mood)
• Emapthy-Altruism explanation: when you see someone suffering, you feel uncomfortable arousal due to empathy. To reduce your distress, you help the person.

Question 5

What are reciprocal altruism and indirect reciprocity?

Answer 5

• reciprocal altruism means you help someone and expect they will help you in return at a later stage
• indirect reciprocity: you have a good reputation so you are more likely to be helped. You need to help others to keep up this reputation.