Lecture 12 - Population Biology Flashcards
Natural Selection
Organisms best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
Passing genes
Trait has to be in reproductive genes in order to be heritable
Differential Survival
Organisms that got best suited traits
Differential Reproduction
Individuals whose traits are best adapted to environment to reproduce more
Random Mutation
Radiation
Toxic materials
Mistakes in DNA replication
Substitution , insertion , deletion
Mutation in gametes are only ones that matter
Genetic Drift
Founder Effect
Small individuals from pop. start a new pop. w different alleles from original
Ellis Van Cheval Syndrome
Genetic Drift
Bottleneck
Small individuals from pop. survive some event and end w. Different alleles
Ex: Cheetahs
Gene Flow
Physical Movement of alleles into or out of a population by immigration / immigration
Population growth limitations
Mortality (how much)
Reproduction (how fast)
EX: Houseflies
Biotic Potential
Rate at which a species reproduces w unlimited conditions
K-Selected Species
S-Shaped
Logistic growth
Ability to track environment’s carrying capacity
EX: most birds and mammals
R-Selected Species
Species w ability to reach high numbers of population
Density Independent Factors
Non-living
EX: Weather, volcanos
Density Dependent
Population growth depend on species behavior
Living features
EX: disease
Metapopulation (many)
A group of populations that are separated by space but consist of the same species
