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Intro to Psych > EXAM 1 - Psych > Flashcards

EXAM 1 - Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Science

A

Knowledge derived from observation, study, and experimentation

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2
Q

Psychology

A

Science of behavior and mental processes

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3
Q

Structuralism

A
  • BREAKDOWN BEHAVIOR into small elements of experience
  • Focus on contents of mental processes rather than their function

Wilhem Wundt

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4
Q

Analytic Introspection

A

Attend carefully to sensations and experiences then report them
-“break it down”

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

Focus on CONSEQUENCES of behavior and mental processes

William James

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6
Q

ID

Components of Personality:

A

Seeks immediate gratification
- You want it > you get it = you don’t care about consequences

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7
Q

Ego

Components of Personality:

A

Seen by others
- care about what others think = correlates ID and Superego

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8
Q

Superego

Components of Personality:

A

“conscience”

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9
Q

Wilhem Wundt

A

Structuralism
Analytic Introspection
Voluntarism
Founders of Psych

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10
Q

William James

A

Functionalism
Founders of Psych

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11
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Psychodynamic Theory
Components of Personality

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12
Q

John B. Watson

A

Behaviorism

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13
Q

B.F. Skinner

A

Behaviorism
Reinforcement and Punishment
Operant Conditioning Chamber

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14
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Humanism
Hierarchy of needs
Motivating behavior

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15
Q

Gesagt Psychology

A

The whole is different than the sum of its parts
* Context matters
* A song piece

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16
Q

Psychodynamic Theory

A

Focus on how mental processes influence behavior

Sigmund Freud

17
Q

Behaviorism

A

All behaviors are learned through the interactions of the environment

18
Q

Humanistic Psychology

A

The potential for good that is innate to all humans

Maslow, Rogers

19
Q

Cognitive Psychology

A

Focus on understanding the workings of the mind

20
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Biological Psychology
(Neuroscience)

A

Effects of genetics, physiology, and biology on behavior and mental processes

21
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Social Psychology

A

How we are affected by others

22
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Cognitive Psychology

A

Process of thinking; thinking pattens

23
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Developmental Psychology

A

How we change overtime

24
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Clinical Psychology

A

Psychological disorders and well-being
-Diagnosis and treatment
-Consider other perspectives

25
Q

Psychological Perspectives:
Individual Differences

A

Psychological characteristics that distinguish each person from another and help define each person individually

26
Q

Applied Research

A

Behavioral Medicine : Do research > then apply
Ex: Develop programs to stop smoking

Forensic: Legal research

Industrial / organizational: work places
Ex: Evaluate work performance

27
Q

Basic Research

A

For the goal of knowing
Useful in the future

28
Q

Human Services

A

-Clinical Psychologists : Specialized training in assessment treatment
-Psychotherapists
-School Psychologists

29
Q

Hypothesis

A

TESTABLE prediction implied by theory
*tells us how to collect data
Ex: Students with test anxiety will do worse in math

30
Q

Theory

A

Explains and predicts behavior and mental processes
Ex: Test anxiety affects math performance

31
Q

Surveys/ Questionnaires

A

*No causation
*Easy
*Gather data from larger samples
*People may not give accurate responses
*Can generalize but not a lot

32
Q

Interview

A

Individuals asked a series of questions
*no causation

33
Q

Naturalistic Observation

A

Observation without intervention; observe natural environment
*Observer bias
*people act different when watched
*difficult to set and control
*expensive, time consuming

34
Q

Case Study

A

When they focus on one person or just a few individuals
*can’t generalize
*more valuable observations
*very specific cases (conjoined twins)

Intro to Psych (29 decks)

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