Culture and Cognition

Question 1

Analytic

Answer 1

Focus on objects and attributions

Objects as independent from context

Question 2

Holistic

Answer 2

Attentding to context and relations among objects

Predicting an objets behavior on the basis of those relationships

Question 3

Rod-and-Frame Test

Field Independence

Answer 3

Tendency to separate objects from background

Question 4

Rod-and-Frame Test

Field Dependence

Answer 4

Tendency to view objects as bound to the ground

Question 5

Dispositional Attributions

Answer 5

Internal Attributions

EX: Personality

Analytic Thinking
Common among westerners

Question 6

Situational Attributions

Answer 6

External attributions

EX: Environment

Holistic Thinking
Common among East Asians

Question 7

Fundamental Attribution Error

Castro Essay Study

Answer 7

Americans students asked to evaluate an essay on Fidel Castro

Question 8

Naive Dialecticism

Answer 8

Acceptance contradiction
Based on view that everything is connected and is constantly in flux as symbolized by yin and yang

Question 9

Thinking and Talking

Answer 9

Western –> Greatly emphasize the importance of debating, self expression and freedom of speech

East Asian –> Less emphasize on talking and consider producing more speech to be associated w knowing less

Question 10

High - Context Culture

Answer 10

People highly connected w each other shared information guides behavior

EX: East Asian societies

Question 11

Low-Conext Culture

Answer 11

Less involvement among individuals, less shared information guiding behavior

EX: North Americans