Lecture 11 - Species and Speciation

Question 1

John Cabot

Answer 1

Newfoundland

Atlantic Cod
Major food source for europeans

Question 2

Thomas Hoxley

Answer 2

Believed nothing seriously affect the number of fish
Friend of Charles Darwin

Question 3

Population Biology

Answer 3

Seeks to understand how populations grow and decline

Question 4

Species

Answer 4

A group of organism that can reproduce w one another in nature and produce fertile offspring
Criteria:
Mate and reproduce reproductive offspring
Share a high degree of genetic similarity
Share a common geographic range

Question 5

Speciation

Answer 5

Loss of population in that area ; if organisms become separated or unable to interbreed

Question 6

Species Richness

Answer 6

Number of species in a given area

Question 7

Define a Species?
Morphological

Answer 7

Two populations w distinguishable phenotypic characteristics
EX:physical appearance ; giraffes and ossicones
Does not take modern genetics into account

Question 8

Define a Species?
Biological

Answer 8

Members of populations that actually or potentially inbreed in nature and produce offspring that are fertile
Assumes sexual reproduction → not all species reproduce sexually

Question 9

Define a Species?
Phylogenetic

Answer 9

Species are groups of individuals that share a unique common ancestor

Question 10

Factors that cause a species to separate:

Answer 10

Habitat (Geographic or Physical barriers)
Behavioral
Temporal (different breeding seasons)
Mechanical / Gametic

Question 11

Allopatric Speciation

Answer 11

Speciation occurs based on geographical isolation

Question 12

Sympatric Speciation

Answer 12

Speciation w/o geographical isolation
Much rarer