Lecture 12 Pathology Of Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Steatosis

A

Fatty change in the liver

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2
Q

Steatohepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver with a fatty change

Alcohol/ drug abuse
Accumulation of collagen (fibrosis) leads to decreased function of the liver and eventual cirrhosis

Caused by…
Diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia

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3
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Fibrous septa between the functional units of the liver, leading to ↓ function…
Partly caused by the regeneration of the liver
Portal triad and the central vein don’t have the same associations

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4
Q

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

A
Unexplained abnormal liver function 
Metabolic syndrome 
Usually metabolic syndromes cause cardiac deaths 
————-
Chronic low grade inflammation
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5
Q

Hepatitis A

A

Fecal oral transmission
Not chronic
Vaccine available

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6
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Blood, semen, vaginal fluid
Acute and chronic
Vaccine available

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7
Q

Hepatitis C

A

Chronic and acute
Blood, parental exposure
No vaccine

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8
Q

Hepatitis D

A

Acute and chronic
IV drug use, blood, parental exposure
Hep B vaccine helps, as it only replicates in the presence of hep B

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9
Q

Hepatitis E

A
Similar to A
Acute only
Fecal oral transmission
Pork and shell fish spread 
Vaccine available
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10
Q

Autoimmune liver diseases

A

Autoimmune hepatitis
Sclerosing cholangitis
Primary biliary cirrhosis

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11
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis

A

Chronic hepatitis with rapid progression
- no positive serology
Associated w other autoimmune disease

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12
Q

Sclerosing cholangitis

A

Chronic inflammatory destruction of extra and intra hepatic bile ducts
Visible on MRI

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13
Q

Primary Biliary cirrhosis

A

Autoimmune destruction of bile ducts \
With normal radiology
Positive anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies

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14
Q

Causes of cirrhosis

A

Iron overload
Alcoholism
Hep B and C virus

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15
Q

Main cause for abnormal liver function tests

A

NAFLD

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16
Q

Complications of liver disease

A

Encephalopathy

Jaundice- impaired breakdown and buildup of bilirubin

Splenomegaly due to portal hypertension
Oesophageal varices- causes GI bleeding
Coagulopathy
Ascites- portal hypertension= fluid leak