Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the gut

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis Externa
  4. Adventitia/Serosa
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2
Q

3 layers of mucosa

A
  1. Epithelium (secretion, absorbtion and protection)
  2. Lamina propria (blood vessels and lymphatic)
  3. Muscularis Mucosae (independent movement of musocsa)
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3
Q

Submucosa nerve plexus name

A

Meissners nerve plexus

  • secretion rates and blood flow
  • motility
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4
Q

Muscularis externa functions

A

Peristaltic movement of the gut via smooth muscle (circular and longitudinal)

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5
Q

Serosa location

A

If suspended by a mesentry and covered by the peritoneum

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6
Q

Adventitia

A

If retroperitoneal with no mesentry

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7
Q

Components of the alimentary tract

A

Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine (duodeenum, jejunum, ileum)
Large intestine

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8
Q

Function of oesophagus
Type of epoithelium
Muscle spread

A

Transport masticated material from pharynx to stomach
stratified squamous non keratinising epithelium
Upper third, voluntary skeletal muscle
Middle- mix
Lower- involuntary smooth muscle

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9
Q

Stomach

Components

A
Rugae- temoyry folds in mucosa 
Mucosa - simple columnar 
Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa 
Muscularis Externa 
- 3 layers, circular, longitudinal and oblique
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10
Q

Gastric pits and glands

Components and signifigance

A

Upper portion pits and lower glands

Mucous cell- lubrication
Parietal cell- produces HCL
Enteroendocrine cell- produces gastrin for secretion and blood rates
Chief cell- granules contain pepsiogen for protein breakdown

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11
Q

Small intestine
3 components
Explaination of - crypts, enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells

A

Plicae circulares
- circular ridges projecting in

Villi

  • projecting from the plicae circulares
  • crypts of lieberkhun- cell factories
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