Lecture 12: Canada: A Country of Regions within a Global Economy

Question 1

Is there evidence of traumatic impact of COVID on the regions of Canada?

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

Regardless of traumatic impact on Canada’s regions due to COVID, can we expect a recovery?

Answer 2

Yes → the spatial structure will shift but key factors unlikely to change

Question 3

What is bill C-69?

Answer 3

Ensures major projects don’t have a negative impact on human health, environment, and local communities

Question 4

What happened in the 2019 federal election because of the oil pipeline project?

Answer 4

No Liberal candidates won seats in AB or SK

Question 5

Why is the Liberal government’s efforts to meet the Paris Accord reduction in greenhouse gases impacting national unity?

Answer 5

It impacts different regions differently → prarie hit in petroleum, Territorial North energy explorations in Beaufort Sea → Quebec, BC, Manitoba, Labrador blessed with physical conditions for lowcost hydroelectric power

Question 6

What four provinces opposed the carbon tax in 2018?

Answer 6

Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and NB

Question 7

What is a good step fowrward for Indigenous reconcilliation?

Answer 7

Resolving who forms Indigenous governments: the elected hereditary members of an Indigenous community

Question 8

How can Canada’s national unity be strengthened going forward? (4)

Answer 8

encouraging digital revolution, build cultural and economic bridges between regions, provide more powers and revenue to its cities, and deal with COIVD pandemic

Question 9

Despite claims that culture means sense of place what do geographer believe?

Answer 9

The interactions between people and their environments that truly shape a sense of place in Canada

Question 10

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Ontario?

Answer 10

S: most favourible conditions for industrialization, agriculture, and trade with USA
W: Manufacturing economy has uncertain future due to continued globilization

Question 11

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Quebec?

Answer 11

S: hydroelectric resources and st lawrence seaway
W; struggle to maintain culture and language

Question 12

What are the strengths and weaknesses of BC?

Answer 12

S: culture of ecotopia and growing population with expanding trade with Pacific Rim
W: Lower demand weakens forestry industry

Question 13

Definition: Ecotopia

Answer 13

A culture that is centred around green living and sustainability

Question 14

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Prairies?

Answer 14

S: natural reoruces (oil, natural gas, potash, uranium) and fertile soil
W: sense of alienation from the core due to actions from past governments

Question 15

What are the strengths and weaknesses of Atlantic provinces?

Answer 15

S: offshore petrolium deposits provided revenue and fishing industry will likely improve in future
W: isolation geographically, stagnant population and employment opportunities

Question 16

What are the strengths and weaknesses of TN?

Answer 16

S: natural resources and growing population
W: climate change, social problems in Inuit settlements

Question 17

What is the core of Canada?

Answer 17

Southern Ontario and Southern Quebec

Question 18

What are the three types of periphery regions? What regions are they?

Answer 18

1. Upwards transitional (BC, Praries)
2. Downwards transitional (Atlantic)
3. Resource frontier (Territorial North)

Question 19

What is the centrality/decentralist faultline?

Answer 19

Political → centralist wants more power federally, decentralist wants power spread among provinces

Question 20

What is the Indigenous / Non-Indigenous fault line?

Answer 20

Struggles over land, rights, and environmental concerns

Question 21

What is the English / French faultline?

Answer 21

consistent faultline spanning a time from the first settlers to Quebec seperatist movements

Question 22

What is the Newcomers /Old-Timers faultline

Answer 22

Immigration is changing the demographics of Canada’s major cities

Question 23

What impacts did China’s entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001 have on the Canadian economy? (2 impacts)

Answer 23

1. Manufacturing sector eroded → low cost goods from China
2. Resource industries have expanded to meet demand from Asia (primarily in prairies and BC)

Question 24

Where is Canada’s economy heading?

Answer 24

Quaternary sector

Question 25

What choices do mid sized cities (London, Kitchener, etc.) need to make as they continue to grow?

Answer 25

1. automobile traffic or rapid transport
2. suburban expansions or development within older urban neighbourhoods

Question 26

Definition: Creative Class

Answer 26

A group of people who are attracted to cities that are progressive and diverse in culture

Question 27

Deifinition: Pluralistic society

Answer 27

Society that values multiculturalism

Question 28

What are the 6 national goals for the future?

Answer 28

1. greener, creative class country
2. indigenous representation in parliment and self governance
3. more pluralistic society
4. more open border with USA
5. growth in knowledge based economy
6. strengthened sense of national identity and unity among all regions