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Zak, Physiology 2 > Lecture 11: GI Secretory Functions, Digestion, & Absorption > Flashcards

Lecture 11: GI Secretory Functions, Digestion, & Absorption Flashcards

0
Q

The second stage of salivary secretion of ions occurs in the _____.

A

Salivary ducts

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1
Q

Where does the first stage of salivary secretion of ions occur?

A

Acini

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2
Q

What is the final ionic concentration of saliva?

A

Na+ & Cl-: 15 mEq/L
K+: 30 mEq/L
Bicarbonate: 50-70 mEq/L

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3
Q

During maximal secretion of ions in saliva, the increase can be _____.

A

20-fold

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4
Q

Chief cells secrete _____ in response to Ach from _____ nerve or gastric enteric nervous plexus

A

Pepsinogen

Vagus

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5
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A

HCl

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6
Q

What sort of nervous stimulation causes gastric secretions?

A

Parasympathetic

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7
Q

What is gastrin released in response to the presence of?

A

Protein in the plylorus

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8
Q

Gastrin causes enterochromaffin-like cells to release _____ which causes the secretion of _____.

A

Histamine

HCl

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9
Q

What causes cephalic phase stimulation?

A

Vagus nerve

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10
Q

What causes gastric phase secretion?

A

Local nervous secretory reflexes
Vagal reflexes
Gastrin-histamine stimulation

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11
Q

What causes intestinal phase secretion?

A

Nervous & hormonal mechanisms

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12
Q

What are the digestive enzymes for proteins?

A

Trypsin, chymotrypsin, & carboxypolypeptidase

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13
Q

How is trypsin kept from destroying pancreatic tissues?

A

Glandular cells secrete a trypsin inhibitor

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14
Q

What is the digestive enzyme for carbs?

A

Amylase

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15
Q

What are the digestive enzymes for fat?

A

Pancreatic lipase, cholesterol esterase, & phospholipase

16
Q

What is released via stimulation of food in the upper intestine and increases secretion of pancreatic enzymes?

A

CCK

17
Q

What is released via stimulation by presence of acidic foods in upper intestine and releases large amounts of sodium bicarbonate?

A

Secretin

18
Q

Which of the following cause CCK release?
Fats
Amino acids
Carbs

A

Fats and amino acids

19
Q

What stimulates the release of bile from the gall bladder?

A

Presence of fatty food

20
Q

What are causes of gallstones?

A

Too much absorption of water, bile, or cholesterol or inflammation of epithelium

21
Q

Glucose absorption in the small intestine utilizes a _____ mechanism.

A

Na+ active co-transport

22
Q

Absorption of peptides/amino acids in the small intestine utilizes a _____ mechanism.

A

Na+ active co-transport mechanism

23
Q

Absorption of fats in the small intestine utilizes a _____ mechanism.

A

Micelles & chylomicrons

24
Q

What gets absorbed in the large intestine?

A

Na+ & Cl-
Water
Bicarbonate

Zak, Physiology 2 (24 decks)

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