Exam 3: Energy Balance & Metabolism II

Question 1

ATP is generated by the combustion of…?

Answer 1

Carbs, fatty acids, & proteins

Question 2

What is the function of phosphocreatine?

Answer 2

Accessory energy storage & ATP buffer

Question 3

T/F: Phosphocreatine can transfer high energy phosphate with any molecule.

Answer 3

False, only with ATP

Question 4

Which cell type (tissue or liver) can put proteins into the blood?

Answer 4

Liver

Question 5

How many high-energy phosphate bonds are needed to form one peptide linkage?

Answer 5

4

Question 6

What are the products of deamination during amino acid degradation?

Answer 6

Ammonia, NADH, H+

Question 7

When substrate concentration is high, reaction rate is determined by…?

Answer 7

Concentration of enzyme

Question 8

When enzyme concentration is high, reaction rate is proportional to…?

Answer 8

Concentration of substrate and enzyme

Question 9

Series rate of reactions is determined by the slowest step in the series, otherwise known as the…?

Answer 9

Rate-limiting step

Question 10

TQ: What molecule is the major rate-limiting factor for almost all energy metabolism in the body?

Answer 10

ADP

Question 11

T/F: Cellular concentrations of ADP are high.

Answer 11

False, low

Question 12

About _____ of energy in foods becomes heat during ATP formation.

Answer 12

35%

Question 13

No more than _____ of energy from food is used by the functional systems.

Answer 13

27%

Question 14

4.825 Cal = _____.

Answer 14

Energy equivalent of oxygen

Question 15

Thyroxine _____ metabolic rate by _____ to _____ percent _____ normal.

Answer 15

Increases50 to 100%above

Question 16

What can decrease metabolic rate to 40 to 60 percent of normal

Answer 16

Loss of thyroid secretion

Question 17

What can increase metabolic rate by 10 to 15%?

Answer 17

Testosterone

Question 18

What results in a marked reduction of metabolic rate via reduced food substances in the cells?

Answer 18

Malnutrition

Question 19

T/F: BMR accounts for 50% of daily energy usage.

Answer 19

False, 60%

Question 20

What accounts for 20-30% of BMR, even at rest, and is corrected for when calculating BMR?

Answer 20

Skeletal muscle mass

Question 21

_____ increases the synthesis of cellular proteins.

Answer 21

Growth hormone

Question 22

_____ is necessary for protein synthesis.

Answer 22

Insulin

Question 23

_____ increase the breakdown of most tissue proteins.

Answer 23

Glucocorticoids

Question 24

The breakdown of glycogen is called _____.

Answer 24

Glycogenolysis

Question 25

The build up of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substances is called _____.

Answer 25

Glucogenesis