Lecture 10 Flashcards
ovaries make
ova, ovum
ovaries secrete
estrogen and progesterone
accessory ducts of ovaries
uterine tubes, uterus, vagina
Review things you dont know on this
Ligaments
1- Ovarian - anchors medially to uterus
2- Suspensory - anchors laterall to pelvic wall
3- Mesovarium - suspends the ovary in between
2 and 3 together are Broad Ligament, peritoneum
which layer of uterus responds to hormones from the ovaries
endometrium
blood supply of uterus and ovaries
ovarian arteries and ovarian branch of uterine artery
where are ovarian follicles
embedded in ovary cortex
immature egg called
oocyte
each follicle consists of what
an oocyte
two types of cells around ooctye
follicle cells and granulosa cells
one layer of squamous-like follicle cells surrounds the oocyte
primordial follicles
two or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells enclose the oocyte
primary follicle
has a fluid-filled space between granulosa cells that coalesces to form a central antrum
secondary follicle
secondary follicle at its most mature stage that bulges from the surface of the ovary
Graafian follicle (vesicular follicle)
ejection of oocyte from the ripening follicle
ovulation
ruptured follicle after ovulation
corpus luteum
what gets ovulated?
secondary oocyte
when do primordial follicles become proimary follicles?
During fetal development
cilia of the infyundibulum are called
Fimbria
visceral peritoneum that supports the uterine tubes
mesosalpinx
hollow,thick-walledorganlocatedinthepelvisanteriorto the rectum and posterosuperior to the bladder
uterus
major portion of uterus
body
rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes
fundus
narrowed region between the body and cervix
isthmus
what produces the mucus that covers the external os and blocks sperm entry except during mid-cycle?
cervical glands
what eliminates mucus cap?
ovulation and estrogen
uterine wall made of these three layers
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
mucosal lining of the uterine cavity
endometrium
glycogen made by
uterine glands
this layer of the uterine endometrium undergoes cyclic changes in response to ovarian hormones and is SHED during menstruation
Stratum Functionalis
uterine layer
− forms a new functionalis after menstruation ends
− does not respond to ovarian hormones
Stratum basalis
ateries that are always present (in the stratum basalis)
straight arteries
arteries that are shed and re-made each cycle in stratum functionalis
spiral arteries
what hormones are made in the uterus
NONE!
three layers of vagina
fibroelastic adventitia
smooth muscle muscularis
statified squamous mucosa
glands flanking vagina homologous to the bulbourethral glands in femmes
greater vestibular glands, keep vestibule moist and lubricated
breast cancer usually arises in the ___ cells of the lactiferlus ducts
epithelial
genes that are hereditary factors for breast cancer risk
BRCA1 and BRCA 2 (tumor supressor genes)
what % of people with no known risk factor have breast cancer
70%
production of the femals sex cells by meiosis
oogenesis
two haploid cells produced by one activated primary oocyte
1 the first polar body
2 the secondary oocyte
secondary oocyte arrests in what phase
metaphase II
if penetrated by sperm, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis II, yielding:
one large ovum
the second polar body
ovarian cycle
period of follicle growth (days 1-14)
follicular phase
ovarian cycle
period of corpus luteum activity (days 14-28)
luteal phase
what day does ovulation happen?
day 14, mid-cycle
what stiumlates ovulation
lutinizing hormone
ovulation cycle for studying,
fraternal twins
not genetically identical. 2 eggs, 2 sperms, separate placentas
1 egg, 1 sperm, 1 placenta, one zygote that splits into two
identical twins
corpus luteum secretes what two hormones
progesterone and estrogen
scar left by corpus luteum when pregnancy doesnt occur
corpus albicans
in pregnancy, how long toes corpus luteum produce hormones
about 3 months
what inhibits the hypothalamic release of GnRH?
estrogens, during childhood
as puberty nears, what is released?
GnRH
what hormones are released by pituitary
FSH, LH, which act on ovaries
Hornmone that triggers ovulation
Lutinizing Hormone
uterine cycle
uterus sheds all but the stratum basalis
days 1-5
menstrual phase
uterine cycle
endometrium rebuilds itself
days 6-14
proliferative, preovulatory
uterine cycle
endometrium prepares for possible implantation of embryo
days 15-28
postovulatory
what is SRY gene?
fibrous cord that extends from the testes to the scrotum
gubernaculum
blood vessels, nerves, and fascial layers that help suspend
the testes
spermatic cord, in the inguinal canal
do you know this chart?
