Lecture 10 Flashcards by Jesse Sachs

ovaries make

ova, ovum

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ovaries secrete

estrogen and progesterone

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accessory ducts of ovaries

uterine tubes, uterus, vagina

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Review things you dont know on this

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Ligaments

1- Ovarian - anchors medially to uterus
2- Suspensory - anchors laterall to pelvic wall
3- Mesovarium - suspends the ovary in between

2 and 3 together are Broad Ligament, peritoneum

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which layer of uterus responds to hormones from the ovaries

endometrium

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blood supply of uterus and ovaries

ovarian arteries and ovarian branch of uterine artery

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where are ovarian follicles

embedded in ovary cortex

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immature egg called

oocyte

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each follicle consists of what

an oocyte

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two types of cells around ooctye

follicle cells and granulosa cells

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one layer of squamous-like follicle cells surrounds the oocyte

primordial follicles

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two or more layers of cuboidal granulosa cells enclose the oocyte

primary follicle

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has a fluid-filled space between granulosa cells that coalesces to form a central antrum

secondary follicle

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secondary follicle at its most mature stage that bulges from the surface of the ovary

Graafian follicle (vesicular follicle)

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ejection of oocyte from the ripening follicle

ovulation

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ruptured follicle after ovulation

corpus luteum

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what gets ovulated?

secondary oocyte

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when do primordial follicles become proimary follicles?

During fetal development

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cilia of the infyundibulum are called

Fimbria

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visceral peritoneum that supports the uterine tubes

mesosalpinx

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hollow,thick-walledorganlocatedinthepelvisanteriorto the rectum and posterosuperior to the bladder

uterus

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major portion of uterus

body

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rounded region superior to the entrance of the uterine tubes

fundus

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narrowed region between the body and cervix

isthmus

what produces the mucus that covers the external os and blocks sperm entry except during mid-cycle?

cervical glands

what eliminates mucus cap?

ovulation and estrogen

uterine wall made of these three layers

perimetrium myometrium endometrium

mucosal lining of the uterine cavity

endometrium

glycogen made by

uterine glands

this layer of the uterine endometrium undergoes cyclic changes in response to ovarian hormones and is SHED during menstruation

Stratum Functionalis

# uterine layer − forms a new functionalis after menstruation ends − does not respond to ovarian hormones

Stratum basalis

ateries that are always present (in the stratum basalis)

straight arteries

arteries that are shed and re-made each cycle in stratum functionalis

spiral arteries

what hormones are made in the uterus

NONE!

three layers of vagina

fibroelastic adventitia smooth muscle muscularis statified squamous mucosa

glands flanking vagina homologous to the bulbourethral glands in femmes

greater vestibular glands, keep vestibule moist and lubricated

breast cancer usually arises in the ___ cells of the lactiferlus ducts

epithelial

genes that are hereditary factors for breast cancer risk

BRCA1 and BRCA 2 (tumor supressor genes)

what % of people with no known risk factor have breast cancer

70%

production of the femals sex cells by meiosis

oogenesis

two haploid cells produced by one activated primary oocyte

1 the first polar body 2 the secondary oocyte

secondary oocyte arrests in what phase

metaphase II

if penetrated by sperm, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis II, yielding:

one large ovum the second polar body

# ovarian cycle period of follicle growth (days 1-14)

follicular phase

# ovarian cycle period of corpus luteum activity (days 14-28)

luteal phase

what day does ovulation happen?

day 14, mid-cycle

what stiumlates ovulation

lutinizing hormone

ovulation cycle for studying,

fraternal twins

not genetically identical. 2 eggs, 2 sperms, separate placentas

1 egg, 1 sperm, 1 placenta, one zygote that splits into two

identical twins

corpus luteum secretes what two hormones

progesterone and estrogen

scar left by corpus luteum when pregnancy doesnt occur

corpus albicans

in pregnancy, how long toes corpus luteum produce hormones

about 3 months

what inhibits the hypothalamic release of GnRH?

estrogens, during childhood

as puberty nears, what is released?

GnRH

what hormones are released by pituitary

FSH, LH, which act on ovaries

Hornmone that triggers ovulation

Lutinizing Hormone

# uterine cycle uterus sheds all but the stratum basalis

days 1-5 | menstrual phase

# uterine cycle endometrium rebuilds itself

days 6-14 | proliferative, preovulatory

# uterine cycle endometrium prepares for possible implantation of embryo

days 15-28 | postovulatory

what is SRY gene?

fibrous cord that extends from the testes to the scrotum

gubernaculum

blood vessels, nerves, and fascial layers that help suspend the testes

spermatic cord, in the inguinal canal

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