Lecture 06 Short-term Memory Flashcards
Memory
- Retaining
- Retrieving
- Using information about stimuli
- After stimuli no longer presented
Modal Model of Memory
- Sensory memory
- Short-term memory (15 - 20)
- Long-term memory
Control processes
Active processes that can be controlled by the person
– Rehearsal
– Make memorable
– Focus
Sensory Memory
Retention HUGE amounts for BRIEFShort Term Memory periods of time
- Iconic
- Echoic
Persistence of Vision
Retention of the perception of light
Short Term Memory
From sensory or LTM
Duration of STM
18 secs, 10% correct
What cause memory loss?
- Decay
- Proactive interference: Previous
- Retroactive interference: After
Increasing Digit Span
Chunking
Working Memory
Store + Manipulate
Baddeley & Hitch Model
Phonological Loop + Central Executive + Visuospatial Sketchpad
Articulatory Rehearsal Process
Rehearse to store in the phonological loop
Phonological Similarity Effect
Sound similar are confused
Word Length Effect
Short > Long
- Takes longer to rehearse
Articulatory Suppression
Speaking prevents one from rehearsing
Central Executive
- Frontal lobe
- LTM + Phono + Visuo
- Focus
- Divide
Perseveration
- Frontal lobe damaged
- Inability to control attention
- Inflexible toward rules
Baddeley’s Revised Model
Episodic Buffer
- STM + LTM
- Hold information longer
Prefrontal Cortex Damaged
Can’t hold information in working memory
Prefrontal Neurons
1) Stimuli flashed
2) Information remains available via
these neurons for as long as they
continue firing
