Lecture 06 Short-term Memory

Question 1

Memory

Answer 1

• Retaining
• Retrieving
• Using information about stimuli
• After stimuli no longer presented

Question 2

Modal Model of Memory

Answer 2

• Sensory memory
• Short-term memory (15 - 20)
• Long-term memory

Question 3

Control processes

Answer 3

Active processes that can be controlled by the person
– Rehearsal
– Make memorable
– Focus

Question 4

Sensory Memory

Answer 4

Retention HUGE amounts for BRIEFShort Term Memory periods of time
- Iconic
- Echoic

Question 5

Persistence of Vision

Answer 5

Retention of the perception of light

Question 6

Short Term Memory

Answer 6

From sensory or LTM

Question 7

Duration of STM

Answer 7

18 secs, 10% correct

Question 8

What cause memory loss?

Answer 8

1. Decay
2. Proactive interference: Previous
3. Retroactive interference: After

Question 9

Increasing Digit Span

Answer 9

Chunking

Question 10

Working Memory

Answer 10

Store + Manipulate

Question 11

Baddeley & Hitch Model

Answer 11

Phonological Loop + Central Executive + Visuospatial Sketchpad

Question 12

Articulatory Rehearsal Process

Answer 12

Rehearse to store in the phonological loop

Question 13

Phonological Similarity Effect

Answer 13

Sound similar are confused

Question 14

Word Length Effect

Answer 14

Short > Long
- Takes longer to rehearse

Question 15

Articulatory Suppression

Answer 15

Speaking prevents one from rehearsing

Question 16

Central Executive

Answer 16

• Frontal lobe
• LTM + Phono + Visuo
• Focus
• Divide

Question 17

Perseveration

Answer 17

• Frontal lobe damaged
• Inability to control attention
• Inflexible toward rules

Question 18

Baddeley’s Revised Model

Answer 18

Episodic Buffer
- STM + LTM
- Hold information longer

Question 19

Prefrontal Cortex Damaged

Answer 19

Can’t hold information in working memory

Question 20

Prefrontal Neurons

Answer 20

1) Stimuli flashed
2) Information remains available via
these neurons for as long as they
continue firing