Lec6AbdominalCavity-Small Intestine & Large Intestine & Appendix

Question 1

The small intestine is what type of organ?

Answer 1

intraperitoneal and secondary retroperitoneal

Question 2

Which parts of the small intestine are intraperitoneal and secondary retroperitoneal?

Answer 2

intra: superior duodenum + Jejunum + ileum

secondary: descending, horizontal, ascending duodenum

Question 3

What are the segments of the small intestine?

Answer 3

duodenum(shortest)
jejunum
ileum (longest)

Question 4

The small intestine is suspended in the abdominal cavity by

Answer 4

mesentary

Question 5

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 5

food digestion: duodenum
nutrient absorption: mostly jejunum

Question 6

What is found only in the jejunum and proximal ileum?

Answer 6

plicae circulares

Question 7

What are the segments of the duodenum?

Answer 7

Superior-1st segment
descending-2nd segment
horizontal-3rd segment
ascending-4th segment

Question 8

What type of organ is the superior duodenum and its blood supply?

Answer 8

intraperitoneal
bs: celiac trunk

Question 9

What type of organ is the descending duodenum, its blood supply, and its fxn?

Answer 9

secondary retroperitoneal
bs: celiac trunk
fxn: receives bile + pancreatic fluids
major papilla: main pancreatic + common bile ducts
minor papilla: accessory pancreatic duct

Question 10

What type of organ is the horizontal duodenum and its blood supply?

Answer 10

secondary retroperitoneal
bs: SMA

Question 11

What type of organ is the ascending duodenum, its blood supply, and what does it connect?

Answer 11

secondary retroperitoneal
bs: SMA
connects jejunum at duodenojejunal junction

Question 12

What is the duodenojejunal junction?

Answer 12

band of muscle that connects ascending duodenum to the jejunum

Question 13

Where does the skeletal and smooth muscles of the duodenojejunal junction come from?

Answer 13

skeletal muscle: diaphragm
smooth muscle: horizontal + ascending duodenum

Question 14

What suspends the ascending duodenum and where is it derived from?

Answer 14

Ligament of Treitz ( this is the junction) and its derived from the right crus of the diaphragm

Question 15

What happens when the ligaments of treitz contracts?

Answer 15

angle widens, contents flow into jejunum

Question 16

What happens when the ligaments of treitz relaxes?

Answer 16

angle narrows, contents cannot flow into jejunum

Question 17

What are the segments of the large intestine?

Answer 17

cecum, vermiform appendix, colon, tenia colitis

Question 18

What is the cecum?

Answer 18

ileocecal junction that joins with ileum (small intestine)

Question 19

Vermiform appendix has ______ and ______ and ____ percent of people have ______ position

Answer 19

mesentary, lymph nodes, 64%, retrocecal

Question 20

What are the different segments of the colon and specify the type of organ they are and if they have mesentary.

Answer 20

AC/DC is Retro

ascending: secondary retro
transverse: has mesentary
descending: secondary retro
sigmoid: has mesentary

Question 21

What is tenia coli and what does it do?

Answer 21

form haustra and helps propel food through large intestine

Question 22

What is the arterial supply for the midgut and hindgut

Answer 22

Midgut—SMA (comes from abd. aorta

Hindgut—IMA (comes from abd.. aorta)

Question 23

What is the lymphatic path for the right side of the body?

Answer 23

right lymphatic trunk to right subclavian vein

Question 24

What is the lymphatic path for the left side of the body?

Answer 24

chyle cistern—thoracic duct—- left subclavian vein

Question 25

What us the sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation for the foregut and midgut?

Answer 25

sympa: thoracic splanchnics
parasympa: vagus nerve

Question 26

What us the sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation for the hindgut?

Answer 26

Sympa: lumbar splanchnics
parasympa: pelvic splanchnics

Question 27

What is bariatric surgery and what does it result in?

Answer 27

It involves the small intestine. Specifically it’s the connection of the upper stomach to the jejunum (bypasses the lower stomach +duodenum)
result: less food absorption

Question 28

What is Hirschsprung’s?

Answer 28

It involves the large intestine and it’s caused by a neural crest cell defect. These cells fail to migrate into distal colon leaving it w/o proper innervation

Question 29

Hirschsprung’s can also be called what?

Answer 29

congenital (aganglionic) megacolon

Question 30

With Hirschsprung’s, no neural control of the large intestine is characterized by the lack of what and what happens?

Answer 30

Lack of haustra making defaction NOT possible

Question 31

A patient is showing signs of obstructive jaundice, such as yellowing of the sclera
of the eyes. It is determined that the patient has gallstones, what is the location
of the gallstones?
a. Hepatic duct
b. Cystic duct
c. Gallbladder fundus
d. Bile duct

Answer 31

d

Question 32

Which ligament is responsible for anchoring the ascending duodenum?
a. Hepatoduodenal ligament
b. Ligament of treitz
c. Ligamentum teres
d. Coronary ligament

Answer 32

b

Question 33

Which of the following is a secondary retroperitoneal organ?
a. Ascending colon
b. Spleen
c. Liver
d. Vermiform appendix

Answer 33

a

Question 34

Mesenteries can be found surrounding all of the following organs EXCEPT:
a. Transverse colon
b. Vermiform appendix
c. Pancreas
d. Sigmoid colon

Answer 34

c

Question 35

The lymphatic drainage from the lower half of the body drains into the left
subclavian vein. What is the major lymphatic duct that drains the left side of the
body into the venous system?
a. Thoracic duct
b. Hepatic duct
c. Right lymphatic trunk
d. Cystic duct

Answer 35

a

Question 36

Exam question for two years: What is the main arterial supply to the stomac?

Answer 36

Celiac trunk

Question 37

What is the blood supply to the ascending colon?

Answer 37

SMA

Question 38

What is the blood supply to the descending colon of the sigmoid?

Answer 38

IMA