Lec. 28 - Translation

Question 1

Explain how mRNA is processed.

Answer 1

The 5’ side is capped, and a polyA tail is added, introns are cut out.

Question 2

Explain the steps of translation.

Answer 2

The ribosome will attach to the mRNA, then it will start reading the code, then RNAs bring amino acids per the codons until the ribosome reaches the stop codon.

Question 3

Explain the connection between DNA triplet, mRNA codon, tRNA anticodon, and amino acid.

Answer 3

All use an anticodon so they can be bound to specific RNA codons, and on the opposite end they have an amino acid.

Question 4

Describe the different types of mutation. (point and frameshift)

Answer 4

Point mutations change a single nucleotide. They can either be silent, missense, or nonsense.

Frameshift mutations result from addition or deletion of one or more bases to a gene.

Question 5

Differentiate between the three types of RNA. (involved in protein synthesis)

Answer 5

Messenger, transfer, and ribosomal.
Messenger provides template for protein synthesis, transfer brings amino acids and reads genetic code, ribosomal plays a structural role.