Learning (5a) Flashcards
Learning
The lasting change caused by experience; it has to be inferred from behaviour and cannot be directly observed
Associative learning
A change as a result of experience where two or more stimuli become linked
Non-associative learning
Learning that does not involve forming associations between stimuli; learning occurs following repeated exposure to a single stimulus or event
Habituation
Wearing off response to a stimulus after repeated presentation
Dishabituation
There is a recovery of attention to a novel stimulus following habitation
Sensitization
A strong stimulus results in an exaggerated response to the subsequent presentation of a weaker stimuli
Associative learning
Connections are fromed between two or more stimuli; accounts for most learning
Conditioning
Is the associations of events in the environment
Classical conditioning
Is a form of associative learning between two previously unrelated stimuli that will result in a learned experience
Unconditioned stimulus
A stimulus that on its own elites a response
Ex: food
Unconditioned response
A physical response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus; does not need to be learned (i.e., salivation)
Conditioned response
A neutral stimulus that will eventually elicit the same response as an unconditioned stimulus with which it has been paired (i.e., bell)
Conditioned response
A physical response elicited by a conditioned stimulus; it is acquired through experience and is usually the same as the unconditioned response (i.e,. Salivation)
Acquisition
The initial learning of the stimulus-response relationship
- the more parings between the CS and US the more likely the association will be learned
- the most rapid acquisition followed by the strongest response is a half minute delay between the CS and US
Extinction
The reduction of a conditioned response after repeated presentation end of the conditioned stimulus alone
Spontaous recovery
Re-emergence of a conditioned response some time after extinction has occured
Stimulus generalization
What occurred when the stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimulus trigger he same conditioned response
Stimulus discrimination
Is what occurs whena n organism learns to emit a specific behaviour in the presence of a conditioned stimulus but not in the precence of a stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus
Higher order conditioning
Is what occurs whena a previously conditioned stimulus functions as if it were uncontioned or father conditioning
