Last Couple Day Studying Flashcards
What is the biggest problem with valve stenosis
Decreased cardiac output, decrease blood pressure will be evident
Note: regurgitation of valve causes decreased cardiac output over time but not immediately
The more stretched the atria and ventricles are, the more _____ levels in the blood
BNP
What are the classic symptoms of pericarditis?
Chest pain with lying down that is relieved by sitting up and leaning forward
Severe pericarditis that limits cardiac output is called
Cardiac tamponade
Endocarditis can cause ____ problems
Valve
Dental procedures can cause….
Endocarditis
Pulmonary embolus comes from the ____ and gets stuck in the
Veins
Pulmonary artery
What side of the heart typically fails if you have a pulmonary embolus
Right sided heart failure \ R Side heart hypertrophy
when pulmonary embolus causes R side ventricular heart failure this can be called
Cor pulmonale
You’ll see swelling, jugular vein distention, and weight gain
What is a D-dimer test
Test for DVT by looking for certain proteins
T or F Pulmonary pressure can normally be 20+ during exercise
T
When oxygen levels of the lung decrease you see reflexive ______
Vasoconstriction to shunt blood to areas with better ventilation/perfusion ratio
Dehydration increases what electrolyte that can cause arrhythmias
Increases sodium
Aldosterone causes retention and excretion of what
Retain sodium
Excrete potassium
Patient’s with thoracotomy have a risk of developing ____ in the lung
Pneumonia
-bc difficulty clearing phlegm
Why does a patient hold a pillow on their incision when they cough?
To provide counterpressure bc of the increased intra-abdominal pressure
With any percutaneous procedure you are concerned about ______ for the first couple days
Bleeding
If a patient you’re already seeing is now going for a valve replacement procedure and will be back to your outpatient PT soon, what will you do when they get back?
Listen to heart sounds before and after activity
When someone’s light headed/dizzy how can you increase venous return to resolve this?
Have them lay down with legs up
If the vascular of the extremities is constricted in order to increase BP during heart failure, what will the patient’s extremities feel like?
Cold
Ejection fraction less than _____ indicates heart failure
40
-sartan suffix
Angiotensin receptor blocker
-ril suffix
Ace Inhibitor
What are the effects of angiotension 2
Constricts Arterioles
Causes release of ADH (helps to retain water)
INCREASE BLOOD PRESSURE