Language Development 3.5 Flashcards
Language
The spoken, written, or gestured words/symbols and the ways we combine them to communicate meaningfully
Symbol
Sounds, written words, or gestures
Semantics
What words mean
Syntax
The order in which we put words to make sentences
Phonology
How language is produced (a system of sound)
Generative
Able to generate an unlimited number of different phrases and sentences
Displacement
Ability to communicate about items, ideas, and activities that are not physically present
Phoneme
The smallest distinctive unit of sound of a spoken language (Ay, uh)
Morpheme
The smallest unit, in a language, that carries meaning (Redevelopment = re develop ment)
Grammar
System of rules that help us get meaning from sounds (Semantics) and put words in order to form meaningful sentences (Syntax)
Receptive language
Ability to understand what is being said to you. First to develop.
Productive language
Ability to pronounce words. Develops in stages.
Infant directed speech
Found in all cultures, it is used when talking to babies. Motherease is characterized by distinct pronunciation, simplified vocabulary, short sentences, a high pitch, and exaggerated intonation and expression.
Stage 1
Cooing (3 months) and babbling (4 months). Begin to only hear and babble in the sounds specific to their language (10 months)
Holographic speech
The child uses one word and vocal to convey meaning
Telegraphic speech
Two-word sentences showing an appreciation of the rules of grammar
Move past 2 year speech at age
2.5
Overgeneralization
Generalize grammar rules so they apply the rules too broadly if they haven’t learned the word for it
Aphasia
Partial or complete inability to articulate ideas or understand language because of brain injury or damage
Broca’s area
Speech production
Wernickie’s area
Meaning to words
