4.6a Trait Theories Flashcards
Trait
Individual characteristics and motives that define a person
Ancient Greek 4 personality traits
Bodily fluids
Factor analysis
Identify clusters of test items that pointed to basic components of a trait
Neuroticism
Emotional stability/instability
Extraverts
Seek out stimulation because their brain arousal is low
MMPI
Most clinically used personality test
MBTI
Tell personality according to Carl Jung’s personality types
Validity
The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to test
Reliability
The extent to which a test yields consistent results, regardless of who gives the test or when or where it is given
Big 5 factor theory
Essential building blocks of personality can be described in 5 basic dimensions
Openness - 5 factor
How open are you to new experiences and learning
Conscientiousness - 5 factor
The degree to which one is responsible, hard-working, and reliable
Extroversion - 5 factor
How outgoing, expressive, active, and social are you
Agreeableness - 5 factor
How honest, considerate, likeable, and tolerant are you
Neuroticism - 5 factor
How anxious, self-conscious, or impulsive are you
Maturing principle
From adolescence onward, people become more conscientious and agreeable and less neurotic
