Altruism, conflict, and peacemaking 4.3e Flashcards
Prosocial behavior
Any behavior that helps another person, whether the underlying motive is self-serving or selfless
Altruism
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Bystander effect
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present
Social exchange theory
If the rewards exceed the costs, you will help
Reciprocity norm
Expectation that we should return help to those who help us
Social-responsibility norm
We should help people who need/deserve our help even if the costs outweigh the benefits
Social trap
Harming the collective well-being by pursuing our own personal interests
Prisoner’s dilemma
When we behave in an unproductive way simply because we’re afraid others might do so
Enemy perceptions
When in conflict, we tend to view the other side negatively. This can lead to mirror-image perceptions
Mirror-image perceptions
As we see “them” - evil jerks - “they” see us the same way
Self-fufilling prophecies
When our beliefs and expectations create reality
Contact theory
Simple contact between conflicting groups would reduce prejudice
Cooperation
Overcoming prejudice whe groups work to achieve a common goal
Superordinate goals
A goal that benefits everyone but requires everyone’s cooperation
