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Lab Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

characteristics of animals

A
  • mutlicellular
  • heterotrophs
  • no cell wall
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2
Q

flagellated cells that help generate a water-current that flows through the sponge body and facilitates feeding

A

chaoanocytes

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3
Q

what do sponges have to help with feeding?

A

chaoanocytes

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4
Q

Sponges feed by

A

filter feeding- capture small particles from water

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5
Q

Example of a sponge that has calcareous spicules for structural support

A

Grantia

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6
Q

large opening at tip of sponge

A

osculum

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7
Q

small opening in sponge

A

ostia

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8
Q

large central cavity of sponge

A

spongocoel

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9
Q

How does water move through sponges?

A
  • water drawn in through ostia
  • enters spongocoel where choanocytes help it flow
  • exits through osculum
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10
Q

What type of symmetry do Cnidarians have?

A

radial

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11
Q

Tissue in cnidarians

A

2 layers, endoderm and ectoderm

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12
Q

jelly like matrix that separates tissue layers in cnidarian

A

mesoglea

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13
Q

specialized cells that contain stinging structures in cnidarians

A

cnidocytes

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14
Q

stinging structures in cnidarians

A

nematocysts

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15
Q

what are cnidocytes used for?

A

capturing prey

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16
Q

explain what happens to prey in cnidaria

A

captured by cnidocytes (stung with nematocysts) and passes through mouth to gastrovascular cavity

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17
Q

What is common in Cnidaria?

A

polymorphism

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18
Q

What are the two forms of polymorphism in cnidaria?

A

sessile polyp and motile medusa

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19
Q

What are the three classes of Cnidaria?

A
  • Hydrozoa
  • Schyphozoa
  • Anthozoa
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20
Q

colonial hydrozoan that alternates between the polyp and medusae stages in its life cycle

A

Obelia

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21
Q

tentacles that function as feeding polyps

A

gasterozoids

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22
Q

specialized for the production of medusae

A

gonozoids

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23
Q

describe portuguese man of war

A

individuals composed of many hydrozoids that specialize in feeding, reproduction, or float

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24
Q

jellyfish class

A

scyphozoa

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25
Q

what form is dominant in scyphozoa class?

A

medusa

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26
Q

produces immature medusae through asexual reproduction

A

strobilus

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27
Q

corals and anemones class

A

Anthozoa

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28
Q

Anthozoans only occur as

A

polyps

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29
Q

many anthozoans can build skeletons of

A

calcium carbonate (hard) or protein (soft)

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30
Q

What makes anthozoans more complex?

A

digestive system, gastrovascular cavity partitioned by mesenteries to increase surface area

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31
Q

flatworms (platyhelminthes) tissue layers

A

3- endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm

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32
Q

flatworms (platyhelminthes) symmetry

A

bilateral

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33
Q

classes of platyhelminthes

A

Turbellaria, Trematoda, Cestoda

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34
Q

What are the parasitic classes of platyhelminthes?

A

trematoda and cestoda

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35
Q

Turbellaria

A

planarians

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36
Q

how do turbellaria move?

A

cilia

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37
Q

trematoda

A

flukes

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38
Q

what is the purpose of the suckers on flues?

A

allow the parasites to attach to host

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39
Q

trematoda are (blank)

A

hermaphroditic/monoecious

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40
Q

what are cestoda’s bodies specialized for?

A

absorption of nutrients from host and producing huge quantities of eggs

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41
Q

sections of tapeworm body

A

proglottids

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42
Q

cestoda

A

tapeworm

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43
Q

head of tapeworm

A

scolex

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44
Q

mollusk tissue and symmetry

A

3 layers, bilaterial

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45
Q

mollusca

A

snails, clams, squid, octopus

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46
Q

mollusca possess a body filled cavity called

A

hemoceoal

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47
Q

think layer of tissue that covers the visceral mass and secretes the shell

A

mantle

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48
Q

what is a organ present in all mollusca?

A

muscular foot

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49
Q

many of the internal organs in a mollusca are located in the

A

visceral mass

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50
Q

specialized feeding structure

A

radula

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51
Q

Classes of mollusca

A

Polyplacophora, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, Bivalvia

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52
Q

Polyplacophora

A

chitons

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53
Q

chiton characteristics

A

live on rocks, algae with radula, attach to rock with foot, 8 part shell

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54
Q

gastropoda

A

snails, slugs

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55
Q

common characteristic of gastropods

A

coiled shell

56
Q

used to seal animal in coiled shell in gastropoda

57
Q

cephalopoda

A

squid, octopus, chambered nautilus

58
Q

cephalopoda foot

A

anterior and divided into 8-10 tentacles and a siphon

59
Q

describe siphon

A

water expelled from body cavity through it which propells animal through water

60
Q

what does a chambered nautilus look like?

A

chambered and coiled shell

61
Q

bivalivia

A

clams, mussels

62
Q

squid eyes and vertebrate eyes are (blank)

A

analogous, convergent evolution

63
Q

incurrent siphon function

A

water and food enter

64
Q

excurrent siphon function

A

water leaves animal

65
Q

Annelida posses body cavity lined with

66
Q

Annelida gut

67
Q

Phylum Annelida classes

A
  • Polychaeta
  • Oligochaeta
  • Hirudinea
68
Q

Polychaeta

A

polychaete worms

69
Q

Hirudinea

70
Q

Oligochaeta

A

earthworms, tubifix worms

71
Q

Polychaeta characterisitcs

A
  • setae on each segment

- footlike appendages parapodia

72
Q

Hirudinea characteristics

A
  • no internal segments

- suckers

73
Q

Oligochaeta characterisitcs

A
  • no parapodia

- hermaphroditic

74
Q

Important characterisitc of ecdysozoans

A

molting- shedding skin

75
Q

ecdysozoans consist of

A

nematoda, onychophora, tardigrada, arthropoda, trilobita, chelicerata, merostomata, myriapoda, hexaploda, crustacea

76
Q

Nematodes

A

roundworms

77
Q

nematode body cavity

A

pseudocoelom

78
Q

cavity in which gut and reproductie organs lie in nemates

A

pseudocoelom

79
Q

onychophora and tardigrada form a sister group to

A

arthropod lineages

80
Q

arthropods shared characteristics

A

chitinous exoskeleton, segment body,

dominant group in every habitat

81
Q

trilobita characteristics

A

fossils with tri-lobed body

82
Q

chelicerata characteristics

A

paired appendeges, digest externally, chelicerae and pedipalps

83
Q

used to tear food into small pieces

A

chelicerae

84
Q

aid in prey capture and food manipulation

85
Q

Merostomata

A

horseshoe crabs and arachnida

86
Q

myriapoda

A

centipedes and millipedes

87
Q

myriapoda characteristics

A

antennae and mouthparts with mandibles

88
Q

chilopoda

A

centipedes have a single pair of legs on each body segment and poison claws by head

89
Q

diplopoda

A

millipedes, two pair of leges from each segment and no claws

90
Q

hexapoda

A

insects (insecta) and other 6 legged animals

91
Q

insect body

A

head, thorax, abdomen

92
Q

crustacea

A

crabs, shrimp, crayfish

93
Q

porifera

A
  • animal
  • no true tissue or symmetry
  • specialized cells
  • filter feeders
94
Q

cnidaria

A
  • animal
  • true tissue
  • radial symmetry
  • ecto and endo
  • incomplete gut
  • nematocyst
  • polymorphic (polyp and medusa)
95
Q

platyhelminthes

A
  • animal
  • true tissue
  • bilateral symmetry
96
Q

characteristics of animals

A
  • eukaryotic
  • heterotrophic
  • multicellular
  • lack cell wall
97
Q

describe filter feeding

A

water in through osculum through flagella- choanocytes

98
Q

anthozoa key notes

A
  • polyps
  • anemone and coral
  • septa
99
Q

hydrozoa key notes

A
  • medusa and polyp

- hydra, obella, and physalia

100
Q

scyphozoa

A
  • medusa

- jellyfish

101
Q

difference between polyp and medusa

A

fixed cylinder, asexual vs umbrella free swimming, sexual

102
Q

platyhelminthes key notes

A
  • flat worms
  • 3 layers tissue
  • bilaterial
  • cephalization (head)
  • incomplete gut
103
Q

dorsal

104
Q

ventral

105
Q

anterior

106
Q

posterior

107
Q

turbellaria key notes

A

planarian
free living
cilia

108
Q

trematoda key notes

A

fluke

parasites

109
Q

cestoda key notes

A

tapeworm
scolex
proglottids

110
Q

molluska

A
  • animal
  • true tissue
  • bilateral
  • complete gut
  • body cavity
111
Q

molluska key notes

A
  • visceral mass
  • mantle
  • open circulatory system
  • hemocoel (blood cavity)
  • radual
  • foot
112
Q

polyplacophora key notes

A
  • many plates

- mantle, gills, foot, chiton

113
Q

gastropoda key notes

A
  • snails, slugs
  • mantle
  • conch like shell
114
Q

cehpalopoda key notes

A
  • squid, octopus, chambered nautilus

- head, foot

115
Q

bivalvia key notes

A

-filter feeders

116
Q

crayfish key notes

A

-segment, molts, arthropod (jointed appendage)

117
Q

How many antenna in crayfish?

A

2 (1 pair)

118
Q

How many antennules in crayfish?

A

2 (1 pair)

119
Q

How many swimmerets in crayfish?

A

10 (5 pair)

120
Q

How many walking legs in crayfish?

A

8 (4 pair)

121
Q

How many chelipeds in crayfish?

A

2 (1 pair)

122
Q

How many segments in crayfish?

A

2 (cephalothorax and abdomen)

123
Q

phylum annelida key notes

A

-monophyletic

124
Q

class olgochaeta key notes

A
  • annelida
  • “few bristles/hairs”
  • earthworms
125
Q

class polychaeta key notes

A
  • annelida

- “many bristles/hairs”

126
Q

class hirudinea key notes

A
  • annelida

- leeaches

127
Q

phylum nematoda key notes

A
  • roundworms
  • c elegans
  • elephantitis spread by mosquitos
128
Q

phlyum onychophora key notes

A
  • velvet worms
  • blocks
  • sourthern hemisphere
129
Q

phylum tardingrada key notes

A
  • water bears

- up to 1 mm

130
Q

phylum arthropoda key notes

A

-jointed appendeges

131
Q

class trilobites key notes

A
  • arthropoda
  • extinct 250 mya
  • similar to polyplactophora
  • little legs
132
Q

class merostoma key notes

A
  • arthropoda

- horseshoe crab (carapace)

133
Q

class arachnids key notes

A
  • arthropoda
  • spiders, scorpians, ticks,
  • 8 legs
134
Q

class chilopoda key notes

A
  • arthropoda
  • centipede
  • 1 pair legs/segment
  • predators
135
Q

class diplopoda key notes

A
  • arthropoda
  • millipedes
  • 2 pair legs/ segment
  • herbivores
136
Q

class insecta key notes

A
  • beetles, mantis, ants, butterflies, dragonflies,
  • 5 million species
  • head, thorax, abdomen
  • 6 legs

Biodiversity (12 decks)

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