Lab Test 1 Flashcards
levels of organization
atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism
11 body systems
integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, urinary, digestive, reproductive
prone
facing down; laying on stomach
supine
face up; laying on back
coronal plane
separates body into anterior and posterior portions
transverse plane
separates body into superior and inferior portions
midsagittal plane
splits body equally into right and left portions
sagittal plane
splits body into left and right portions
oblique plane
splits body at an angle
anterior
in front of
posterior
in back of
cranial
at the head end
caudal
at the rear or tail end
rostral
towards nose or mouth
apical surface
skin close to external environment
simple squamous epithelium
alveoli, mesothelium
simple cuboidal epithelium
function: absorption and secretion. located in kidney tubules, ducts, surface of ovary
nonciliated simple columnar
function: absorption, secretion. lining of most digestive tract
ciliated simple columnar
function: secrete mucin and move it; oocyte movement. found in bronchioles and uterine tubes
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
involved in protection and movement of mucus. found in larger airways of respiratory tract + nasal cavity
nonciliated pseudostratifiedcolumnar
protection, rare- lines part of male urethra and epididymis
keratinized stratified squamous
protects underlying tissue from abrasion. located on epidermis of skin
nonkeratinized stratified squamous
protects underlying tissue. found in lining of oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus
stratified cuboidal
protection and secretion, found in ducts of exocrine glands
stratified columnar
protection and secretion; found in large ducts of salivary glands and part of male urethra
transitional epithelium
used in stretching and relaxation; found in urinary bladder, ureters, and part of urethra
areolar connective tissue
protects tissues and organs; binds skin and some epithelia to deeper tissue. Located in papillary layer of dermis, subcutaneous, surrounds organs, nerve cells, muscle cells and blood vessels
adipose connective tissue
stores energy; insulates, cushions, and protects. Located in subcutaneous layer, surrounds and covers some organs
reticular connective tissue
provides stroma (supportive framework) to lymphatic organs. Located in spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow.
dense regular connective tissue
attaches bone to bone (ligament) as well as muscle to bone (tendon). Located in tendons, ligaments
dense irregular connective tissue
withstands stress; durable. located in dermis, periosteum covering bone, perichondrium covering cartilage and some organ capsules
elastic connective tissue
allows for stretching and recoil. Located in walls of elastic arteries, trachea, and vocal cords
hyaline cartilage
provides support and forms fetal skeleton. located on tip of nose, trachea, larynx, articular ends of long bones
fibrocartilage
resists compression; shock absorber. found in intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, and menisci of knee joint
elastic cartilage
maintains shape while permitting flexibility. Located in external ear and epiglottis of larynx.
bone
movement, support, protects, stores calcium and phosphorus, hemopoiesis. located in bones of the body
skeletal muscle tissue
moves skeleton. attaches to bone or sometimes skin
cardiac muscle tissue
pumps blood. found in heart wall (myocardium)
smooth muscle tissue
moves material through organs; controls size of lumen. located in hollow internal organs.
nervous tissue
neurons receive, send, and process nerve impulses. glial cells protect, nourish, and support neurons. located in brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
