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A&P2 > Lab PP1 > Flashcards

Lab PP1 Flashcards

1
Q

two major systems that controls your body

A

endocrine and nervous system

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2
Q

specific organs that respond to a particular hormone is called ____ _____

A

target organs

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3
Q

____ system performs specific functions involving cellular communication aiding in homeostasis, digestion and metabolism, reproduction/development achieved by regulating activies of ____ cells

A

endocrine;target

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4
Q

2 functional areas: adenohypophysis(anterior) and neurohypophysis(posterior)

A

hypophysis(pituitary gland)

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5
Q

the hypophysis is attached to the hypothalamus by the _____

A

infundibulum

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6
Q

FSH/LH , ACTH, TSH are all _______ hormones

A

adenohypophysis(anterior pituitary)

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7
Q

Gonadotropins that regulate gamete productions and hormonal activity of the gonads

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)/luteinizing

hormone (LH) [adenohypophysis hormone]

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8
Q

Regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex

portion of the adrenal gland.

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) [adenohypophysis hormone]

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9
Q

Influences the thyroid gland’s growth and activity.

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

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10
Q

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are _____ hormones

A

neurohypophysis

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11
Q

Stimulates strong uterine contractions during birth and causes milk ejection in the lactating mother

A

oxytocin (neurohypophysis hormone)

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12
Q

– Causes the kidney tubules to
reabsorb more water from the urine filtrate, resulting in less
urine released and more conserved body water.

A

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) [neurohypophsysis hormone]

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13
Q

inside the ____ gland there is the thyroid hormone and calcitonin

A

thyroid

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14
Q

_____ hormone (TH) contains two hormones, thyroxine(T4) and triiodothyronine(T3), that control body metabolism and cellular oxidation rates. It affects almost every cell in the body. Hyposecretionof thyroxineleads to myxedema, mental and physical sluggishness, in adults.

A

thyroid hormone

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15
Q

–Decreases blood calcium levels by stimulating

calcium deposit in the bones. It acts antagonistically to parathyroid hormone.

A

Calcitonin (in thyroid gland)

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16
Q

• Release insulin and glucagons which are concerned with the regulation of blood sugar levels. Insulin decreases blood sugar
levels. Glucagon helps increase blood sugar levels.

A

Pancreas

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17
Q

Hyposecretion of insulin leads to ___ ____ in the pancreas

A

diabetes melitus

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18
Q

• Hypersecretion of insulin leads to _____, low blood sugar. (in pancreas)

A

hypoglycemia

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19
Q

inside the ovaries there is ___ and ___

A

estrogen and progesterone

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20
Q

___ is responsible for the maturation of
the reproductive organs and breast
development for females at puberty

A

estrogen

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21
Q

____– Acts with estrogen to bring on the menstrual cycle.

A

progesterone

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22
Q

____plays a role in biological rhythms and prevents precocious sexual maturation in the pineal gland

A

melatonin

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23
Q 
• Most numerous blood cells.
• Biconcave disk shape.
• Produced in the bone marrow
• Life span is 100 – 120 days 
after which they fragment and 
are destroyed (mainly in the 
spleen).
• Function – transport oxygen 
and carbon dioxide.
A

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

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24
Q 
\_\_\_ means (lacking a nucleus) 
when mature and circulating. 
This results in them being 
unable to reproduce or repair 
damage.
A

anucleate (RBCs)

25
Q

• Contain granules in their
cytoplasm and lobed nuclei.
-neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

A

Granulocytes

26
Q 
\_\_\_\_ are phagocytes. 
Their numbers increase 
exponentially during acute 
infections. Nucleus is multi-lobed 
and have inconspicuous granules.
A

neutrophils (granulocytes)

27
Q

____attack parasitic
worms and lessen allergy attacks.
The nucleus is a figure 8 or bilobed in shape and have red granules.

A

eosinophils (granulocytes)

28
Q

___have a large U- or Sshaped nucleus and large bluepurple granules. They release
antihistamines and contain heparin.

A

basophils (granulocytes)

29
Q 
• A total WBC count or RBC 
count determines the total 
number of that cell type 
per unit volume of blood. 
They are very useful in 
diagnosis of illnesses.
A

Hematologic Tests

30
Q

_____ -– A very high

WBC count.

A

Leukocytosis

31
Q

_____-– A decrease in
WBC numbers below
4000/mm3

A

leukopenia

32
Q 
\_\_\_\_-– A decreased 
oxygen-carrying capacity of 
blood that usually results 
from either a decrease in 
RBC number or size.
A

anemia

33
Q

• Classification is based on the presence of specific glycoproteins
on the outer surface of the RBC plasma membrane called
antigens (agglutinogens).

A

Blood Typing

34
Q

• Antigens on RBCs react with antibodies (agglutinins) resulting in
agglutination.
• Blood types include A, B, AB, and O. Type O doesn’t contain any
antigens.

A

blood typing

35
Q

_ _+indicates the presence of Rh surface antigens while Rh- blood lacks the surface antigen.

A

Rh+

36
Q

• There are __ agglutinins (antibodies) for Rh+ or

Rh- blood.

A

no

37
Q

Rh- people can synthesize anti-RH when exposed to _ _+ blood

A

Rh+

38
Q

universal blood donor:

A

O-

39
Q

universal blood receiver:

A

AB+ (bc no antibodies are present in plasma)

40
Q

neurohypophysis has what 2 hormones

A

oxytocin and ADH

41
Q

hyposeccretion of throxine (T4) leads to

A

myxedema

42
Q

increases number of osteoclasts; Ca, Mg, and phsophate

A

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

43
Q

body growth and metabolism hormone

A

growth hormone (GH)

44
Q

abnormal hairiness

A

hirutism

45
Q

helps increase blood sugar levels (pancreas)

A

glucagon

46
Q

hypersecretion of insulin(too much)/low blood glucose concentration

A

hypoglycemia

47
Q

secrete glucagon

A

alpha cells

48
Q

secreted by pineal gland, promotoes sleep

A

melatonin

49
Q

ovulation, progesterone, milk secretion hormone

A

luteinizing hormone

50
Q

connect lobes of thyroid gland

A

isthmus

51
Q

decrease level of calcium

A

calcitonin

52
Q

prolonged muscle spasms; can cause respiratory paralysis or death

A

tetany

53
Q

regulates water/electrolyte balance in extracelular fluid

A

aldosterone

corticosteroid:adrenal cortex

54
Q

increases blood glucose enabling body to resist long term stressors

A

cortisone

55
Q

hyposecretion of insulin (too little)

A

diabetes mellitus

56
Q

maintains pregnancy, lactation, mentral

A

progesterone

57
Q

hormone primary function is to control rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation

A

thyroid hormone

58
Q

disorder caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone

A

pituitary dwarfism

59
Q

___ is a hormone synthesized by pancreatic beta cells

A

insulin

A&P2 (17 decks)

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