Lab Midterm Flashcards
Name parts of the compound microscope.
Ocular lense Arm/base Stage Fine & course knob Objective lenses Condenser Light source
Metric system:
Label the following
|__|__|__|__|__|__|______|______|
And what 3 units are measured?
KHDUDCM (Micro) (nano)
Meter
Liter
Gram
Name the total magnification specifics for the compound microscope. (4)
Ocular 10x
Objective: Scanning-4x (40x total) Low-10x (100x toatl) High-40x (400x total) Oil immer-100x (1000x total)
What is the meniscus?
Cylinder holding liquid solution. Curve in liquid at top, read from eye level at the meniscus.
Acids are high in ______, whereas bases are high in ________ molecules.
H+
OH-
What solution is used to test for protein? What is the pos color outcome?
Biuret reagent
Pinkish-purple
What solution is used to test starch? Pos color reaction?
Iodine
Blue-black
What solution is used to test for sugars? Pos outcome color?
Benedict’s
Green-yel-orange
(Blue-no change)
What are the functions of the following organelles: Plasma membrane Nucleus Nucleolus Ribosome Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi app Vesicles Lysosomes Mitochondrion Centrioles Cytoskeleton
PM-phospholipid bilayer outer nuc-DNA/genetic info Nucleolus-subunits if ribosomes Ribo-protein synthesis RER-protein syn secretion SER-syn lipids detoxes Golgi-packages proteins/lipids Ves-transports substances Lyso-digests molecules Mito-cellular respiration ATP, energy powerhouse Centri-cell division organizes microtubles Cytoskeleton-structure support
What are 3 structures that differ plant cells from animal cells?
Chloroplasts (photosynthesis) Large vacuoles (digestive center) Cell wall (cell support)
What is an enzymes function?
Catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions
What is the common enzyme used in lab?
Catalase
What is the substrate?
Reactants in an enzyme
What part of the enzyme does the substrate bind to? What will it become when released?
The active site
Products
What factors can affect enzyme activity (optimal temp)?
Ph
Heat
Salt concentration
Is water always able to diffuse through a cells selective permeable membrane?
Yes
Are salutes always able to diffuse through a cells selective permeable membrane?
No
What is diffusion?
Movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration until equilibrium.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across the plasma membrane of a cell.
What is an isotonic solution?
Same concentration of solute as cell
What is a hypertonic solution?
Higher solute concentration than the cell, therefore water moves out of cell causing shrinking
What is hypotonic solution?
Lower solute concentration than cell, causing water to pump into cell making it swell.
Is energy used with passive or active transport?
Active
What are 3 passive transports?
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
What is active transport?
Net movement against con gradient, requires protein, and energy
What is transport using vesicles?
And 2 types?
Vesicles carries materials into or out of cell.
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Explain endo/exo cytosis.
Endo-membrane engulfs substance and draws into cell
Exo-vesicles fuse with membrane releasing subs outside of cell
What is facilitated diffusion?
Substance moves across membrane with assistance of transport proteins
What is simple diffusion?
Sub moves across membrane without assistance of proteins
