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Microbiology > LAB: Microbial Control > Flashcards

LAB: Microbial Control Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the removal or destruction of ALL LIVING MICROORGANISMS

A

Sterilization

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2
Q

The most common method used for killing microbes is

A

heating

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3
Q

a sterilizing agent is called a __________

liquids and gases can be sterilized by filtration

A

sterilant

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4
Q

Type of sterilization in which food is subjected only to enough heat to destroy the endospores Clostridium botulinum which can produce a deadly toxin.

A

commercial sterilization

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5
Q

control directed at destroying harmful microorganisms. USUALLY refers to the destruction of vegetatice pathogens. Make use of chemicals, ultraviolet radiation, boiling water or steam. Most commonly applied to the use of a chemical to treat an inert surface or substance

A

Disinfection

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6
Q

Destruction of vegetative pathogens on LIVING TISSUE

A

antisepsis

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7
Q

Removal of microbes from a limited area such as the skin around the injection site

A

degerming

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8
Q

kills microorganisms

A

biocide/germicide

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9
Q

inhibit the growth and multiplication of microorganisms

A

bacteriostasis

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10
Q

decay or putrid

A

sepsis

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11
Q

the absence of significant contamination

A

asepsis

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12
Q

factors that influence the effectiveness of antimicrobial treatments

A

number of microbes
environmental influences
time of exposure
microbial characteristics

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13
Q

actions of microbial control agents include

A

alteration of membrane permeability

damage to proteins and nucleic acids

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14
Q

How does altering the membrane permeability aid in microbial control?

A

Damaging the lipids or proteins of the plasma membrane causes cellular contents to leak into the surrounding medium and interferes with the growth of the cell

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15
Q

How does damaging the proteins and nucleic acid of the microbes affect their function?

A

By damaging these nucleic acids by heat, radiation or chemicals, the cell can no longer replicate nor can it carry out normal metabolic functions.

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16
Q

MODE OF ACTION AND RELIABLY ACTIVE AGAINST:

Bleach

A

oxidizes proteins, membranes, DNA
vegetative bacteria, fungi , viruses
DISINFECTANT

17
Q

MODE OF ACTION AND RELIABLY ACTIVE AGAINST:

60-80% alcohol

A

denatures proteins
damages lipid membranes
vegetative bacteria, fungi, enveloped viruses
Both antiseptic/disinfectant

18
Q

MODE OF ACTION AND RELIABLY ACTIVE AGAINST:

quaternary ammonium compounds (benzalkonium chloride)

A

damages lipid membranes
vegetative bacteria (except Pseudomonads), fungi, enveloped viruses
BOTH

19
Q

MODE OF ACTION AND RELIABLY ACTIVE AGAINST:

Hydrogen peroxide

A

produces reactive oxygen species that oxidize proteins, membranes, DNA
vegetative bacteria (more effective against anaerobes), fungi and viruses
BOTH

20
Q

MODE OF ACTION AND RELIABLY ACTIVE AGAINST:

Phenol (thymol)

A

denatures proteins, damages lipid membranes

veg. bacteria, fungi and enveloped viruses

21
Q

Active ingredient of : antibacterial hand soap

A

benzalkonium chloride

22
Q

Active ingredient of : hand sanitizer

A

ethyl alcohol

23
Q

Active ingredient of : Lysol (white)

A

bleach

24
Q

Active ingredient of : Lysol

A

hydrogen peroxide

25
Q

Active ingredient of : Assured

A

benzalkonium chloride

26
Q

Active ingredient of : Seventh generation

A

thymol

27
Q

kills microorganisms primarily by coagulating proteins which is caused by breakage of the hydrogen bonds that holds the proteins in their 3d structure. EX. boiling

A

moist heat sterilization

28
Q

the preferred method of sterilization. HEAT ABOVE THE TEMP OF BOILING WATER. Method is most effective when the organisms either are contacted by the steam directly or are contained in small volume of aq. liquid. WILL KILL ALL ORGANISMS

A

autoclave

29
Q

What method is used to test antibiotic susceptibility

A

kirby bauer disk diffusion method

30
Q

Steps on how to perform kirby bauer disk diffusion test

A

do not touch the plate with the device
4 drops of the four diff types of chemotherepeutic agent concentrated filter paper on the solid agar
MAKE SURE THERE IS EQUAL SEPERATION from one another
Place it right side up

31
Q

forms around the disk after a standard incubation; the larger the zone the more sensitive the microbe is to the antibiotic. Diameter in mm.

A

Zone of inhibition

32
Q

Bacilllus is most & least sensitive to:

A

vancomycin
tetracycline
Bacitracin
ampicillin

33
Q

Staphylococcus is most & least sensitive to:

A

ampicillin
vancomycin
bacitracin
tetracycline (resistant)

34
Q

E.coli is most & least sensitive to:

A

ampicilin
tetracyline
RESISTANT TO bacitracin and vancomycin

35
Q

Pseudomonas is most and least sensitive to:

A

RESISTANT TO ALL

Microbiology (26 decks)

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