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Neurosci 102 Summer ‘24 > Lab Manual 5 > Flashcards

Lab Manual 5 Flashcards

1
Q

CN1

A

olfactory nerve

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2
Q

CN2

A

optic nerve

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3
Q

CN3

A

oculomotor nerve

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4
Q

CN4

A

trochlear nerve

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5
Q

CN5

A

trigeminal

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6
Q

CN6

A

abducens

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7
Q

CN7

A

facial

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8
Q

CN8

A

vestibulocochlear

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9
Q

CN9

A

glossopharyngeal

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10
Q

CN10

A

vagus

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11
Q

CN11

A

accessory

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12
Q

CN12

A

hypoglossal

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13
Q

olfactory nerve function

A

sensory impulses from nose for sense of smell

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14
Q

optic nerve function

A

sensory impulses from eye for vision

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15
Q

oculomotor nerve function

A

motor impulses to eye muscles for movements of the eyes

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16
Q

trochlear nerve function

A

motor impulses to eye muscles for movements of the eyes

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17
Q

trigeminal nerve function

A

sensory impulses info from face, scalp, and teeth
- motor impulses to temporal and masseter muscles for chewing

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18
Q

abducens nerve function

A

motor impulses to eye muscles for abduction of the eyes

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19
Q

facial nerve function

A

sensory impulses from some taste buds of tongue
- motor impulses to muscles controlling facial expressions like frowning, smiling, etc

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20
Q

vestibulocochlear nerve function

A

sensory impulses from ear for senses of both sound and balance

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21
Q

glossopharyngeal nerve function

A
  • sensory impulses from throat and some taste buds at the back of the tongue
  • motor impulses to muscles of throat for swallowing and to salivary glands
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22
Q

vagus nerve function

A
  • sensory impulses from throat, larynx, thoracic and abdominal organs
  • motor impulses to stimulate digestive organs, to slow heart rate, to cough, and to swallow
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23
Q

accessory nerve function

A

motor impulses to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles of the neck and upper shoulder for shoulder movements and movements of the head

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24
Q

hypoglossal nerve function

A

motor impulses to muscles of the tongue for most tongue movements

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25
Q

where are the nerve fibers of the afferent sensory part of the pupillary light reflex within

A

optic nerve (CN2)

26
Q

where are the nerve fibers of the efferent motor control part of the pupillary light reflex neural pathway within

A

the oculomotor nerve (CN3)

27
Q

what is the function of the swinging flashlight test

A

indicating potential problems with either cranial nerve by comparing the direct and consensual light reactions of the pupils in both eyes

28
Q

what cranial nerves does the pupillary light reflex require

A

CN2, CN3, and central brain stem connections

29
Q

what does light shined in an eye usually result in

A

constriction of that pupil (direct response), and simultaneous constriction of contralateral pupils (consensual response)

30
Q

why does the consensual response occur in the pupillary light reflex

A

the light sensory info entering the brain from one eye causes the same reflex response in the non-stimulated eye

31
Q

symptom of CN2 lesion

A

unresponsive pupillary light reflex on both sides

32
Q

why do the symptoms of a CN2 lesion occur

A

the CN2 lesion creates an issue with the afferent sensory info from the eye getting to the brain; the problem is not with the motor function responsible for the constriction of the pupil

33
Q

symptoms of CN3 lesion

A

unresponsive ipsilateral pupillary constriction on the affected side (the pupil is “fixed and dilated”) when light is shined in either eye
- no direct response in the affected eye
- no consensual response in the affected eye when light is shined on the unaffected eye

34
Q

why do the symptoms of the CN3 lesion occur

A

the motor function controlling the constriction of the pupil is affected and despite the sensory info getting to the brain the pupil can’t respond
- there is not a problem with the sensory info entering the brain to affect the contralateral eye

35
Q

what would happen if a light is shined in the right eye of an individual with normal sight

A

direct response in right eye, consensual response in left eye

36
Q

what would happen if a light was shined in the left eye of an individual with normal sight

A

direct response in left eye, consensual response in right eye

37
Q

what would happen if a light was shined in the right eye of an individual with left CN2 damage

A

direct response in right eye, consensual response in left eye

38
Q

what would happen if a light was shined in the left eye of an individual with left CN2 damage

A

no direct response in left eye or consensual response in right eye because sensory info is not getting to brain from the left CN2

39
Q

what would happen if a light was shined on the right eye of an individual with left CN3 damage

A

direct response in right eye, no consensual response in left because the motor control of the left is absent

40
Q

what would happen if a light was shined on the left eye of an individual with left CN3 damage

A

no direct response in left eye but consensual response in right eye is intact
- sensory info is getting to brain from left CN2, but the motor control (CN3) of the left affected pupil is absent

41
Q

symptoms of 3rd nerve palsy

A
  • complete ptosis
  • eye down and out
  • dilated pupil which is unresponsive to light and accomodation
42
Q

symptoms of 4th nerve palsy

A
  • double vision going down stairs or reading books
  • ask patient to turn the eye in and then to look down; may cause vertical hypertropia (eye moves up and in)
43
Q

symptoms of 6th nerve palsy

A

failure of lateral movement Nystagmus

44
Q

how to test CN5

A

touch the patient’s face while clenching their jaw to check two point discrimination

45
Q

how to test CN7 motor component

A

have the subject smile or frown; lack of symmetry may indicate damage to the nerve

46
Q

how to test CN7 sensory component

A

place different flavors on the tongue to check if the subject can tell the difference if they hold their nose

47
Q

how to test CN8

A

Weber test hold a tuning fork down in the center of the patient’s forehead and ask if it is louder in each ear - normally it should be heard equally in both ears

48
Q

Weber test condition A

A

normal - sound is equally loud in both ears; sound does not lateralize

49
Q

Weber test condition A DELETE

A

normal - sound is equally loud in both ears; sound does not lateralize

50
Q

Weber test condition B

A

conductive loss - sound lateralizes to “poorer” ear owing to background room noise, which masks hearing in normal ear
- “poorer” ear (the one with conductive loss) is not distracted by background noise, thus has a better chance to hear bone-conducted sound

51
Q

Weber test condition C

A

sensorineural loss - sound lateralizes to “better” ear or unaffected ear
- poorer ear (the one with nerve loss) is unable to perceive the sound

52
Q

how to test CN9

A

Rinne test

53
Q

Rinne test

A

a tuning fork test used to clinically test hearing deficiencies in patients
- place a sounding tuning fork on a patient’s mastoid process and then next to their ear and ask which is louder
- compares air conduction with bone conduction thresholds

54
Q

what will a normal patient’s result of the Rinne test be

A

they will find the position by their ear louder
- because air conduction is better than bone conduction under typical conditions

55
Q

what will a patient with conductive deafness’ results be

A

they will find the bone conduction position louder

56
Q

how to test CN8 vestibular function

A

Romberg test

57
Q

Romberg test

A

patient stands heel to toe and closes eyes; positive test = patient starts to sway or fall over

58
Q

how to test CN9 and CN10

A

have the subject swallow and cough; can result in a bovine cough with damage to nerves 9 and 10 or delayed swallow

59
Q

how to test CN12 motor for tongue movement

A

stick out tongue and move side to side; damage results in deviation of symmetry towards side of lesion

60
Q

testing CN11

A

place your hands on the subjects shoulders from the back; as you apply resistance, have them shrug shoulders upward. contraction should be symmetrical

Neurosci 102 Summer ‘24 (13 decks)

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