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First Aid > Lab characteristics > Flashcards

Lab characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

Giemsa Stain (5)

A

Chlamydia, Borrelia, Rickettsiae, Trypanosomes, Plasmodium (Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience)

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2
Q

PAS Stain

A

Stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides; used to diagnose Whipple disease (Tropheryma whipplei)

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3
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen (carbol fuchsin)

A

Acid fast organisms (Nocardia, Mycobacterium)

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4
Q

India Ink

A

Cryptococcus neoformans (mucicarmine can also be sued to stain thick polysaccharide capsule red)

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5
Q

Silver stain

A

Fungi (ex: Pneumocystis), Legionella, Helicobacter pylori

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6
Q

H. influenzae culture

A

Chocolate agar with factors V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

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7
Q

Neisseria

A

Thayer-Martin (or VPN) media - vancomycin, polymyxin, and nystatin)

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8
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Bordet-Genou (potato) agar (Bordet for Bordetella

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9
Q

Cornyebacterium diptheriae

A

Tellurite agar, Loffler medium

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10
Q

M. tuberclosis

A

Lowenstein-Jensen agar

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11
Q

M. pneumoniae

A

Eaton agar; requires cholesterol

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12
Q

Lactose-fermenting enterics (5)

A

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Serratia (weak)

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13
Q

Legionella

A

Charcoal yeast extract agar buffered with cysteine and iron

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14
Q

Fungi

A

Sabouraud agar

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15
Q

Obligate aerobes (3)

A

Nocardia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberclosis

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16
Q

Obligate anaerobes (3)

A

Clostridium, Bacteroides, Actinomyces

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17
Q

Obligate intracellular (2)

A

Rickettsia, Chlamydia

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18
Q

Facultative intracellular (8)

A

Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia pestis

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19
Q

Encapsulated bacteria (7)

A

Strep pneumo, Haemophilus influenzae type B, Neisseria meningitidis, E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Group B Strep (SHiNE SKiS)

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20
Q

Catalase (+) organisms (7)

A

Pseudomonas, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, E. coli, S. aureus, Serratia (PLACESS for your cats)

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21
Q

Urease (+) bugs (8)

A

Cryptococcus, H. pylori, Proteus, Ureaplasma, Nocardia, Klebsiella, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus

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22
Q

Yellow pigment

A

S. aureus, Actinomyces israelli (sulfur granules)

23
Q

blue-green pigment

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

24
Q

red pigment

A

serratia marcescens

25
Q

protein A virulence factor

A

s. aureus

26
Q

IgA Protease

A

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae type B, Neisseria (SHiN)

27
Q

M protein

A

Helps prevent phagocytosis; Group A Strep

28
Q

Protein A

A

Binds Fc regionof IgG; S. aureus

29
Q

Novobiocin differentiates what?

A

Staph epidermidis (sensitive) from Staph saprophyticus (resistant)

30
Q

Bacitracin differentiates what?

A

Strep pyogenes (sensitive) from Strep agalactiae (resistant)

31
Q

Optochin differentiates what?

A

Strep pneumo (sensitive) from Viridans streptococci (resistant)

32
Q

Alpha hemolytic (2)

A

Strep pneumo, Viridans streptococci

33
Q

Beta hemolytic (4)

A

Strep pyogenes, Strep agalactiae, Staph aureus, Listeria monocytogenes

34
Q

Gamma hemolytic (no hemolysis)

A

Enterococci (Group D), Strep bovis

35
Q

Oxidase (+) organisms

A

Pseudomonas, Campylobacter jejuni, V. cholerae, H. pylori

36
Q

Produces H2S

A

Salmonella

37
Q

Grows at 42 degrees C

A

Campylobacter jejuni

38
Q

Grows in alkaline media

A

Vibrio cholerae

39
Q

hippurate test +

A

s. agalactiae

40
Q

elek test

A

C. diphtheriae

41
Q

spore forming

A

b. anthracis, c. perfringens, c. tetani, b.cereus, c.botulinum, coxiella burnetii

42
Q

interferon-g release assay

A

TB

43
Q

pink colonies on macconkey agar

A

Citrobacter, Klebsiella, E. coli, Enterobacter, Serratia (weak)

44
Q

EMB agar

A

lactose fermenters (purple/black), E.coli (purple w/green sheen)

45
Q

chocolate agar

A

h.influenzae, s. aureus

46
Q

charcoal yeast extract culture with iron and cysteine

A

legionella

47
Q

light microscopy with aniline dyes

A

borrelia

48
Q

dark field microscopy

A

treponema

49
Q

VDRL/RPR

A

syphillis, false positive: viruses (EBV, hep), drugs, SLE, leprosy

50
Q

eaton agar

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

51
Q

scotch tape test

A

enterobius vermicularis

52
Q

leukocyte esterase test positive

A

bacterial uti

53
Q

nitrite test +

A

gram negative uti

54
Q

negative urease test for a UTI

A

E.coli, enterococcus

First Aid (23 decks)

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