Lab 8

Question 1

traits that were expressed by the F1 plants

Answer 1

dominant

Question 2

traits that were not expressed by F1 plants

Answer 2

recessive

Question 3

what were the factors that Mendel described

Answer 3

genes

Question 4

what do parents not transmit to their offspring

Answer 4

physiological traits; they discrete information for the traits (factors)

Question 5

where are genes carried

Answer 5

on chromosomes

Question 6

how many genes are passed down to an offspring

Answer 6

receives one copy of each gene from each parent

Question 7

what are the alternative forms of a gene called

Answer 7

alleles

Question 8

how is an offspring considered to be homozygous

Answer 8

two haploid gametes containing the same allele fuse during fertilization

Question 9

how is an offspring considered to be heterozygous

Answer 9

two haploid gametes contain different alleles

Question 10

how does dominant and recessive alleles work

Answer 10

dominant alleles are those that are expressed, and recessive alleles are present but not expressed

Question 11

what is a genotype

Answer 11

total set of alleles that an individual contains; genetic makeup

Question 12

what is a phenotype

Answer 12

physical appearance or other observable characteristics of an individual; result from alleles expression

Question 13

what is the purpose of punnett squares

Answer 13

identify the genotypes of all possible zygotes in a cross

Question 14

what is incomplete dominance

Answer 14

when the heterozygous is intermediate in appearance between the two homozygotes

Question 15

what is an example of incomplete dominance

Answer 15

white flower crossed with red flower create an offspring that is pink

Question 16

what is codominance

Answer 16

when each allele has its own effect on the phenotype; heterozygous shows some aspect of the phenotype of both homozygotes

Question 17

what is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance

Answer 17

the heterozygote of the incomplete dominance is the intermediate of the homozygotes, while the codominance is when some aspect of both homozygotes is found in the heterozygote

Question 18

what is an example of codominance

Answer 18

white flower crossed with red flower and offspring has both white and red coloring

Question 19

what is on the surface of red blood cells

Answer 19

gene that determines ABO blood types

Question 20

how does the gene that determines ABO blood types work

Answer 20

encodes an enzyme that adds sugar molecules to proteins on the surface of red blood cells

Question 21

what do blood types have thay decide what blood type a person has

Answer 21

antigens

Question 22

what does type A exhibit

Answer 22

galactosmine

Question 23

what does type B exhibit

Answer 23

galactose

Question 24

what does AB exhibit

Answer 24

both galactosamine and galactose

Question 25

what is blood typing categorized as

Answer 25

codominant

Question 26

what kinds of tips are used with micropipettes

Answer 26

disposable ; tips can be autoclaved

Question 27

how should hold the micropipette

Answer 27

keep it upright to prevent liquids from running inside the shaft

Question 28

what are some important rules to remember when handling a micropipette

Answer 28

• do not allow pipettes to come into contact with corrosive chemicals
• make sure the volume has been correctly set
• locking ring must be unlocked before changing volumes