Lab 6 Flashcards
what is phtosynthesis
process by which microorganisms and plants use pigment molecules, water, and CO2 to capture light energy from the sun
photosynthesis equation
6CO2 + 6H2O + light—> C6H12O6 + 6O2
what are the different types of energy
chemical
mechanical
electrical
light
heat
energy
ability to “move” things and therefore do work
example of mechanical energy
flip a light switch
- use chemical energy in form of ATP to contract muscles in your body
example of electrical energy
movement of electrons through electrical wires of a light bulb, emitting light and heat energy
what forms can light energy be in
particles (photons) or waves
visible light
very small part of the total spectrum of energy in the universe
what can cause electrons to move lower energy levels to higher energy levels and leave the molecule
some wavelengths of visible light will stimulate the pigment molecules
what does the light reaction consist of
photosystem 1 and 2
where does the light reactions occur
thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts
where does the flow of electrons begin
photosystem 2
how are electrons released in photosystem 2
light is absorbed by chlorophyll and 2 electrons are released
electron transport chain
captures the electrons released from photosystem 2 and carries them to photosystem 1
what does the ETC produce
ATP and NADPH are produced and used in the production of glucose
what happens when photosystem 1 absorbs light
2 electrons are released and are captured by the ETC
what does photosynthesis couple
light reaction with the calvin cycle
calvin cycle
metabolic pathway found in stoma of chloroplasts
how does carbon enter and leave the calvin cycle
enters: form of CO2
leaves: form of sugar
what does the calvin cycle consume
NADPH2 as reducing power for adding high energy electrons to make sugar
what does the calvin cycle spend
ATP from light reactions as an energy source
chloroplasts
cell organelles with double membrane
what is the inner membrane of the chloroplasts
stroma
stacks of thylakoids
grana
chlorophyll a
- blue green
- functional R group= methyl (CH3)
chlorophyll b
- yellow green
- functional R group= aldehyde (CHO)
what type of structure do chlorophylls have
porphyrin ring structure and a magnesium core
what molecules are used in the calvin cycle to produce what
- 3CO2
- 9 ATP
- 6 NADPH
- produce 1 molecule of G3P
