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Bacteriology > Lab 7 - Salmonella > Flashcards

Lab 7 - Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

Salmonella serotypes can be found in diseased animals only.

A

False

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2
Q

S. enteritidis is a fastidious bacterium species

A

False, (non-fastidious)

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3
Q

S. Enteritidis is a bacterial species name.

A

False, (salmonella enterica)

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4
Q

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can infect swine.

A

True

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5
Q

O9 serogroup of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis can cause cross-reactions with Brucella species in
serological tests.

A

False (O9 serogroups of Y. Enterocolitica)

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6
Q

Human typhus is caused by S. Typhimurium

A

False, (Rickettsia bacteria)

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7
Q

S. Enteritidis is a serotype name.

A

True

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8
Q

Salmonella are fermentative in OF (oxidative fermentation)-test.

A

True

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9
Q

Salmonella are widespread in our environment.

A

True

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10
Q

Foot rot of sheep is caused by Dichelobacter nodosus and F. necrophorum funduliforme.

A

False, (D. Nodus and F. Necrophorum subsp. Necroforum)

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11
Q

Fusobacteria are obligate aerobic bacteria.

A

False, (obligate anaerobic)

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12
Q

Shigella species are flagellated.

A

False, (no flagella)

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13
Q

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cannot produce flagella at room temperature.

A

False, (flagella at room temperature, 22°C)

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14
Q

Salmonella enterica is a lactose-positive species.

A

False, (lactose negative)

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15
Q

S. Choleraesuis is the causative agent of swine typhus.

A

False, (S. typhisuis, causes necrosis in spleen and lungs)

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16
Q

Rodentiosis is caused by Yersinia enterocolitica.

A

False, (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis)

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17
Q

Serattia marcescens can produce pigments in low temperature

A

True

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18
Q

Fusobacteria need CO2 during culturing

A

True

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19
Q

S. Typhisuis, S. Gallinarum, (S. Pullorum) serotypes can only affect animals.

A

True

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20
Q

S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, B, C, S. Sendai serotypes can only affect humans.

A

True

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21
Q

Proteus is phenylalanine deaminase positive.

A

True

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22
Q

There is only one salmonella species

A

False. Two: Salmonella Enterica (further divided into six subspecies) and Salmonella Bongori)

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23
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis can affect turkeys.

A

True

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24
Q

Optimal temperature for Yersinia is 42°C.

A

False

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25
Q

Optimal temperature for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is 30°C.

A

True

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26
Q

The necrobacillosis in the rabbit is caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum subsp. funduliforme.

A

False, (F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum)

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27
Q

Necrobacillosis is caused by Salmonella Typhi

A

False, (fusobacterium necrophorum ssp. Necrophorum)

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28
Q

S. Pullorum is flagellated.

A

False, (no flagella)

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29
Q

Swine typhus is caused by Salmonella Typhi.

A

False, salmonella Typhi is only human. (Salmonella typhisuis – animals)

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30
Q

S. Gallinarum is flagellated.

A

False, (no flagella)

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31
Q

Salmonella are fastidious bacteria, therefore selective enrichment is needed for the isolation

A

False (not fastidious)

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32
Q

S. Cholerasuis can infect humans

A

True

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33
Q

The genus Salmonella and Citrobacter can be differentiated by catalase test

A

False?

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34
Q

Shigella cause bacillary dysentery to swine

A

False (only humans)

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35
Q

Proteus bacteria are able to propogate post mortem in animals bodies and other rotting material.

A

True?

36
Q

S. tyhphi are causes typhus to humans, and paratyphus to animals

A

False (only humans)

37
Q

O9 serogroup of Yersinia enterocolitica can cross react with Brucella species

A

True

38
Q

The causative agent of Rodentiosis can infect birds, tyrkeys, pheasant and quail.

A

False (Y.pseudotuberculosis)

39
Q

Edwarsiella tarda of Fusobacterium necrophorum is good.

A

False?

40
Q

The resistance of Fusobacterium necrophorum is good.

A

False (Fusobacterium has weak resistance)

41
Q

Dichelobacter nodosus is obligate aerobic bacteria

A

False (obligate anaerobic)

42
Q

SALMONELLA species

A
  • S. enterica

- S. bongori

43
Q

Subspecies within S. enterica

A
  • 6 subspecies
  • S. enterica subsp. enterica
  • S. enterica subsp. arizonae
44
Q

SALMONELLA

  1. Habitat
  2. Morphology
  3. Staining
A 
1. Habitat:
• gut,
• sewage, water,
• feed!,
• food
2. Morphology:
• 1-5 µm rod, flagella
• except: S. Gallinarum / S. Pullorum
3. Staining:
• Gram negative
45
Q

SALMONELLA

4. Culture

A
  • not fastidious
  • selective and differential media
  • low selective capacity (MacConkey, Drigalski)
  • medium selective capacity (brillant green-lactose- phenol red; XLD: xylose-lysine decarboxilase, Rambach agar)
  • high selective capacity
  • selective enrichment
  • Na-selenite, cystine
  • Na-tetrathionate, bile salts
  • Rappaport-Vassiliadis (ph 5.2; higher osmotic pressure)
46
Q

SALMONELLA

5. Biochemistry

A 
• lactose -,
• H2S +
• differentiation of antigenically uniform types: sugar fermentation
- Arabinose  / Dulcitol / Mannitol:
•S. Typhisuis: + / + / –
•S. Choleraesuis: - / - / +
47
Q

SALMONELLA

6. Antigens

A
  • Kauffmann-White O-Vi-H
  • O antigens: 51 O-groups, composite antigens
  • K (Vi): S. Typhi, S. Dublin, etc.
  • H antigens:
  • specific (phase 1)
  • non specific (phase 2)
  • monophasic types: only specific H antigens
  • diphasic types: not only specific H antigens
48
Q

SALMONELLA

7. Resistance

A

medium

49
Q

SALMONELLA

  1. Pathogenicity:
    a) General pathogenecity
    b) Which subsp. only affect humans?
    c) b) Which subsp. only affect animals?
    d) Which subsp. affect both humans and animals?
A

a) pathogenic - facultative pathogenic
b) only human: S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, B, C, S. Sendai
c) only animals: S. Typhisuis, S. Gallinarum, (S. Pullorum)
d) human-animal:
•S. Enteritidis
•S. Typhimurium
•S. Thompson
•S. Choleraesuis
•abortion: S. Abortusequi, S. Abortusovis, S. Abortusbovis

50
Q

CITROBACTER

  1. Habitat
  2. Biochemistry
  3. PAthogenecity
A
  1. Habitat: mammals, birds, gut, water, environment
  2. Biochemistry:
    • lactose – (late +)
    • KCN+,
    • lysine decarboxylase -
  3. Pathogenicity: saprophytic, (secondary pathogenic)
51
Q

SHIGELLA

  1. Habitat
  2. Morphology
  3. Culture
  4. Biochemistry
  5. Pathogenicity
A
  1. Habitat: intestine (primates), sewage
  2. Morphology: no flagella
  3. Culture: DC
  4. Biochemistry: resembles E. coli, but lactose negative or late fermentation
  5. Pathogenicity: S. dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. sonnei, S. boydii: human bacillary, dysentery
52
Q

PROTEUS, PROVIDENCIA

  1. Habitat
  2. Staining
  3. Culture
A
  1. Habitat: intestine, urine, water, rotting materials
  2. Staining: Gram-negative
  3. Culture: swarming!
53
Q

PROTEUS, PROVIDENCIA

4. Biochemistry

A
  • lactose –
  • phenylalanine-desaminase +,
  • indole +/-,
  • urease +
54
Q

PROTEUS, PROVIDENCIA

5. Pathogenicity

A
  • saprophytic, (urinary tract infection)
  • P. vulgaris,
  • P. mirabilis,
  • P. morganii,
  • Prov. stuartii
55
Q

YERSINIA

Species

A
  • Y. pestis
  • Y. pseudotuberculosis
  • Y. enterocolitica
  • Y. ruckeri
56
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis

  1. Habitat
  2. Morphology
  3. Staining
A
  1. Habitat: intestine, water
  2. Morphology: 1-2 µm coccoid rods, flagella 22oC
  3. Staining: Gram -, bipolar staining
57
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis

  1. Culture
  2. Biochemistry
A 
• not fastidious
• optimal temperature 30 oC,
• replication: 4-42 oC,
• small colonies
• selective culture:
• Enterobacteriaceae low selective capacity media
5. Biochemistry: lactose -
58
Q 
Which of these species are Indole postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

Proteus and Yersinia are +/-

59
Q 
Which of these species are Urease postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

Proteus and Yersinia

60
Q 
Which of these species are Lactose postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

All are lactose negative

61
Q 
Which of these species are Mannitol postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A 
Salmonella: +
Citrobacter: +
Shigella: negative
Proteus: -/+
Yersinia: +
62
Q 
Which of these species are Phenylalanine-desaminase postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

Proteus

63
Q 
Which of these species are Metilvörös postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

All

64
Q 
Which of these species are Voges Proskauer postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

All are neg.

65
Q 
Which of these species are H2S postive?
Salmonella
Citrobacter
Shigella 
Proteus 
Yersinia
A

Salmonella, Citrobacter and Proteus (+/-)

66
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis

6. Antigens

A
  • O antigen: 6 serogroups,
  • 5 H antigens
  • composite antigens
67
Q

Y. pseudotuberculosis

7. Pathogenicity

A
  • rodents (rodentiosis),
  • turkey, pheasant, quail (septicaemia, abscesses),
  • cattle, swine, sheep (abortion), human
68
Q

Y. enterocolitica

  1. Habitat
  2. Morphology
  3. Staining
A
  1. Habitat: intestine, water
  2. Morphology: middle sized rods
  3. Staining: Gram negative
69
Q

Y. enterocolitica

4. Culture

A
  • optimal temperature: 22 oC
  • selective culture:
  • Na-oxalate + bile salts
70
Q

Y. enterocolitica

4. Antigens

A
  • O antigens:
  • 34 O-groups,
  • O9: cross-reaction with Brucella-species
  • H antigens
  • 20 H antigens
71
Q

Y. enterocolitica

5. Pathogenicity

A
  • human:
  • gastro-intestinal infection, abscesses
  • swine, rabbit:
  • intestine, mesentherial lymph nodes,
  • resembles tuberculosis
72
Q

Y. ruckeri

  1. Biochemistry
  2. Pathogenicity
A
  1. Biochemistry: inactive

2. Pathogenicity: trout septicaemia, kidney (red mouth disease)

73
Q

SERRATIA

  1. Habitat
  2. Culture
  3. Pathogenecity
A
  1. Habitat: soil, water
  2. Culture: lower optimal temperature, pigment
  3. Pathogenicity: saprophytes
    • S. marcescens: food contamination
74
Q

EDWARDSIELLA

  1. Habitat
  2. Culture
  3. Pathogenecity
A
  1. Habitat: intestine (fish, amphibians, birds, mammals), water
  2. Culture: fastidious (vitamins, AA. needed)
  3. Pathogenicity
    • E. tarda: eel
    • E. ictaluri: septicaemia, ascites (channel catfish)
75
Q

GRAM NEGATIVE ANAEROBIC RODS

  1. Habitat
  2. Pathogenicity
A 
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes
• alimentary tract, respiratory ways, genital tract,
• anaerobic gut flora
2. Pathogenicity:
• facultative pathogens,
• mucous membranes, wounds, abscesses
• mainly mixed infections
76
Q

GRAM NEGATIVE ANAEROBIC RODS

3. Genera

A
  • Fusobacterium
  • Bacteroides
  • Dichelobacter
  • Provotella
77
Q

FUSOBACTERIUM

  1. Morphology
  2. Staining
  3. Culture
A
  1. Morphology: polymorph, generally no flagella
  2. Staining: Gram negative, irregular
  3. Culture:
    • fastidious (protein, yeast extract),
    • obligate anaerobic,
    • CO2
    • selective culture:
    • crystal violet, brillant green, vankomycin
78
Q

FUSOBACTERIUM

  1. Biochemistry
  2. Resistance
  3. Pathogenicity
A 
4. Biochemistry:
• inactive,
• gelatine, casein
5. Resistance: weak
6. Pathogenicity:
• facultative pathogenic,
• anaerobic wounds, abscesses, gangrene
79
Q

FUSOBACTERIUM

7. Species

A
  • F. necrophorum:
  • F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum
  • F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme
  • F. nucleatum
80
Q

F. necrophorum

  1. Morphology
  2. Culture
  3. Biochemistry
A
  1. Morphology: long chains, filaments
  2. Culture:
    • blood agar,
    • obligate anaerobic,
    • haemolysis
  3. Biochemistry:
    • carbohydrates are not utilised,
    • lipase,
    • DN-ase,
    • hyaluronidase
81
Q

F. necrophorum subsp. necrophorum

  1. Biochemistry
  2. Pathogenicity
A 
1. Biochemistry
• haemolysis,
• haemagglutination,
• cytotoxin,
• synergism
2. Pathogenicity
• calf, piglet, rabbit: necrobacillosis,
• sheep: foot rot
82
Q

F. necrophorum subsp. funduliforme

  1. Biochemistry
  2. Pathogenicity
A
  • no haemagglutination
  • no cytotoxin,
  • no synergism
  • not pathogenic
83
Q

F. nucleatum: Pathogenicity

A
  • mainly human, dog, cat
  • abscess,
  • mastitis, metritis,
  • peritonitis,
  • wounds
84
Q

BACTEROIDES, DICHELOBACTER, PROVOTELLA

  1. Habitat
  2. Morphology
  3. Staining
  4. Culture
  5. Biochemistry
A
  1. Habitat: alimentary tract, respiratory way, genitals, mucous membranes, water
  2. Morphology: 3-5 µm rod, fimbria
  3. Staining: Gram negative, irregular
  4. Culture: fastidious, obligate anaerobic
  5. Biochemistry: more active, proteases, keratinase (D. nodosus)
85
Q

BACTEROIDES, DICHELOBACTER, PROVOTELLA

  1. Pathogenicity
  2. Species
A
  1. Pathogenicity: facultative pathogens, necrosis, abscesses
  2. Species:
    -B. fragilis: mainly human, gut flora, appendicitis, wounds
    -Dichelobacter (Bacterioides) nodosus:
    • fimbria, proteolysis, keratinase,
    • sheep foot rot
    -Provotella (B.) melaninogenicus: dog, cat: putrid inflammations

Bacteriology (14 decks)

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