lab 4 terms Flashcards
phyllotaxy
the arrangement of leaves on a stem
alternate phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there is one leaf per node; there are two types of alternate phyllotaxy: alternate distichous and alternate spiral
alternate distichous phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there is one leaf per node and leaves are arranged in two rows, 180 degrees from each other; leaves are in a single plane
alternate spiral phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there is one leaf per node and leaves are arranged in a spiral around the stem
opposite phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there are two leaves per node and leaves are arranged in pairs across the stem from each other; there are two types of opposite phyllotaxy: opposite distichous and opposite decussate
opposite distichous phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there are two leaves per node and leaves are arranged in pairs across the stem from each other; pairs of leaves are in a single plane
opposite decussate phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there are two leaves per node and leaves are arranged in pairs across the stem from each other; successive pairs of leaves are at right angles to one another
whorled phyllotaxy
leaf arrangement where there are three or more leaves per node
venation
the pattern of veins within a leaf
pinnate reticulate venation
the pattern of veins within a leaf where there is a midrib and veins branch from it with larger veins branching into smaller veins
reticulate (netted) venation
the pattern of veins within a leaf where the veins form a network, branching from larger to smaller veins; characteristic of eudicots
palmate reticulate venation
the pattern of veins within a leaf where there are several large veins (no midrib) branching from the top of the petiole that branch into smaller and smaller veins
adaxial surface
the upper surface of the leaf
abaxial surface
the lower surface of the leaf
leaf sheath
part of a leaf in some monocots (grasses); the base of the leaf that wraps around the stem
parallel venation
the pattern of veins within a leaf where there is usually a midrib with several other large veins running parallel to it for the length of the leaf blade; there are typically many tiny cross veins that join the parallel veins along their length; characteristic of monocots
ligule
a small outgrowth of a monocot (grass) leaf at the point where the leaf blade meets the leaf sheath