Lab 3

Question 1

each cardiac cycle requires _____ seconds

Answer 1

0.8 seconds

Question 2

how does it compare to the interval between the first and second heart sounds?

Answer 2

the 1st and 2nd heart sound intervals and shorter than the 2nd and 3rd

Question 3

rate of intensity of the sounds in the sitting position and in the supine position (laying on back)

Answer 3

more intense and faster while standing and slows while laying down

Question 4

what event is responsible for the 1st heart sound

Answer 4

closure of tricupid and bicuspid valves

Question 5

what event is responsible for the 2nd heart sound

Answer 5

closure of pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves

Question 6

what is a heart murmur

Answer 6

extra heart sount

Question 7

what causes a heart murmur

Answer 7

when the valves don’t close/open properly

Question 8

pulse

Answer 8

produced in the arteries due to ventricular contraction

Question 9

where is the easiest area to locate your pulse

Answer 9

at the radial artery of the wrist

Question 10

tachycardia

Answer 10

refers to a rapid heart or pulse rate

Question 11

bradycardia

Answer 11

indicates a slow heart rate or pulse

Question 12

electrocardiogram

• definition
• consists of what

Answer 12

the graphic record of the electrical changes occurring during the cardiac cycle
-deflection waves

Question 13

lead

Answer 13

the electrodes working in pairs

Question 14

leads

• lead I
• lead II
• lead III

Answer 14

• right wrist and left wrist
• right wrist and left ankle
• left wrist and left ankle

Question 15

how are all 3 leads similar

Answer 15

All show a QRS, show electro activity of the heart

Question 16

how are the leads different

Answer 16

Lead II barely has T wave and height of peaks are different

Question 17

point where Lub occurs

Answer 17

QRS complex

Question 18

point where dub occurs

Answer 18

after T wave

Question 19

calculate heart rate manually

Answer 19

of R peaks/10 sec = X beats /60 sec

Question 20

P wave

• normal duration (sec)
• normal amplitude (m Volts)

Answer 20

• 0.06 - 0.11 sec

- <0.25

Question 21

QRS complex

• normal duration (sec)
• normal amplitude (m Volts)

Answer 21

• < 0.12 sec

- 0.8 - 1.2

Question 22

T wave

• normal duration (sec)
• normal amplitude (m Volts)

Answer 22

• 0.1 - 0.2 sec

- < 0.5

Question 23

ST segment

• normal duration (sec)
• normal amplitude (m Volts)

Answer 23

• 0.12 sec

- N/A

Question 24

PR segment

• normal duration (sec)
• normal amplitude (m Volts)

Answer 24

• 0.12 - 0.20 sec

- N/A

Question 25

systolic pressure

Answer 25

pressure in arteries at the peak of ventricular ejection

Question 26

diastolic pressure

Answer 26

reflects pressure during ventricular relaxation

Question 27

how is systemic blood pressure commonly measured

Answer 27

with a sphygmomanometer

Question 28

what does turbulent blood flow create

Answer 28

a sound that can be heard with a stethoscope

Question 29

laminar

Answer 29

smooth blood flow

Question 30

Prior to inflating cuff

• type of blood flow
• sound

Answer 30

• laminar

- no sound

Question 31

Inflate cuff to 200 mmHg

• type of blood flow
• sound

Answer 31

• no blood flow

- no sound

Question 32

decrease cuff pressure to ~120 mmHg

• type of blood flow
• sound

Answer 32

• turbulent

- knocking

Question 33

decrease cuff pressure to ~80 mmHg

• type of blood flow
• sound

Answer 33

• mixed

- muffled sound (whooshing)

Question 34

decrease cuff pressure below 80 mmHg

• type of blood flow
• sound

Answer 34

• laminar (smooth flow)

- no sound

Question 35

how did blood pressure change during cold exposure?

Answer 35

it decreases

Question 36

what is the function of the vasoconstriction resulting from the cold

Answer 36

it causes less blood flow

Question 37

effects of nicotine

• HR
• BP
• Pulse pressure

Answer 37

• increases
• increases
• increases