lab 11 Flashcards
testes
- aka
- function
- what are each testes covered by
- male gonads
- produces male gametes and secrete testosterone
- tunica albuginea
seminiferous tubules
- what happens here
- where are the immature and mature cells located
- contains
where spermatogenesis or sperm production occurs
- mature cells: near lumen; immature: near edge
- sertoli or sustentacular cells
edge of cells and inward
spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa
sertoli or sustentacular cells
-functions
- maintains blood testis barrier
2. aid in sperm nutrition and secrete inhibin and androgen binding protein
interstitial cells of leydig
- location
- definition
- between seminiferous tubules
- secrete testosterone
sperm
- head
- middle piece
- tail
- contains the nucleus and acrosomal cap
- contains mitochodria
- flagellum for locomotion
epididymis
where sperm are stored and undergo maturation
spermatic cord
- surrounded by
- contains
- CT
- testicular artery, vein, nerve, lymphatics and vas deferens
male urethra
- 3 parts
- prostatic
- membraneous
- spongy
male accessory sex glands
- secretes
- 3
- seminal fluid into the ejaculatory duct and urethra
- seminal vesicles
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral gland
- seminal vesicles
2 seminal fluid functions
- helps to activate and buffer the sperm
2. serves as a source of nutrition
seminal vesicles
produces a viscous, alkaline fluid that is rcich in fructose
prostate gland
secretes a milky fluid containing seminalplasmin
bulbourethral
secretes a thick alkaline mucous
Penis: glans contain
-body contains
prepuce and external urethral meatus
-corposa cavernosa and corposa sponginosum
ovaries
- aka
- function
female gonads
-produce eggs and secrete estrogen and progesterone
female
- germinal epithelium
- tunica albuginea
- stroma
- outer covering
- CT beneath germinal layer
- contains outer cortex containing ova and inner medulla
granulosa cells function
secrete estrogen
mature follicle contains
central antrum
corpus luteum
formed from the follicle after ovulation
corpus albicans
scar tissue of corpus luteum
fimbrae
wave to produce currents that help guide the discharged ovum into the tube
where does fertilization occur
in the upper 1/3 of the fallopian tube
4 processes of the uterus
- menstruation
- implantation
- embryonic and fetal dev
- labor
uterus
- consists of 2 major regions
- composed of 3 layers
- body and cervix
- endometrium
- myometrium
- perimetrium
- endometrium
inner endometrium
- definition
- contains 2 layers
- mucus membrane with glands
- functional zone (sloughed off during menstruation)
2. basilar zone (permanent layer that attaches endometrium to myometrium)
gestation period
- definition
- about __ weeks
- first 8 weeks known as
- rest of time known as
- time from fertilization until birth
- 38
- embryonic period
- fetal period
cleavage
- definition
- morula
- what forms in the morula
- zygote rapidly divides by mitosis into smaller cells called blastomeres
- solid ball of cells
- blastocoel forming a blastocyst
blastocyst
-definition
consists of a cluster of cells called the inner cell mass and an outer covering called the trophblast
what does the inner cell mass become
develops into the embryo
trophoblast
- functions
- what does this form into
- helps blastocyst implant in the uterus
- secretes human chorionic gonadotropic
- helps blastocyst implant in the uterus
- the chorion (placenta)
HCG
maintains the corpus luteum in early pregnancy
implantation
- when does it occur
- where does blastocyst bury into
- what do the trophoblasts do
- 7 days after fertilization
- into the functional zone of the uterus
- secrete enzymes that erode the uterine lining at the point of attachment
gastrulation
inner cell mass differentiates into primary germ layers
primary germ layers
- ectoderm
- mesoderm
- endoderm
what will the __ form into
- ectoderm
- mesoderm
- endoderm
- nervous system and epidermis of the skin
- muscle,bone,circulatory system, urinary system and reproductive system
- epithelial lining of the digestive tract,respiratory tract, urinary bladder and urethra
as a result of gastrulation
the embryonic disc is formed
yolk sac
makes blood cells early in dec. and gives rise to cells that later become sex cells
amnion
membrane that surrounds embryo and contains amnionic fluid
allantois
small tube that forms from the future umbilical cord and also forms blood cells in early development
chorion
-contain __ that help __
chorionic villi that help embryo attach to the uterine wall
placenta
- site of
- develops when
- type of organ
- function
site of nutrient and gas exchange between mother and fetus
- during 3rd month
- endocrine organ
- synthesizes HCG, progesterone, human lactogen, placental prolactin and relaxin
embryogenesis
formation of body and internal organs of the embryo
what stage implants in the uterus
implantation; blastocyst
umbilical vein
delivers oxygenated blood to the fetus
umbilical artery
carries deoxygenated blood from fetus to placenta
