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ANAT 261 > Lab 1: Skin and Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Lab 1: Skin and Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

describe H&E stain

A

hematoxylin and eosin

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2
Q

describe hematoxylin

A

blue-purple
basic

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3
Q

what structures does hematoxylin dye

A

dyes acidic structures which are basophilic
- DNA/nucleus, etc

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4
Q

describe eosin

A

pink
acidic

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5
Q

what structures does eosin dye

A

dyes basic structures which are acidophilic
- cytoplasm, collagen, muscle fibers, etc

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6
Q

what are structures dyed by eosin called

A

eosinophilic

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7
Q

name the 4 basic tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
nervous

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8
Q

what are the 3 main types of epithelial tissue

A

simple (simple)
stratified (compound)
pseudostratified

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9
Q

name simple epithelial tissue (types and a location)

A

squamous - endothelium
cuboidal - thyroid
columnar - GI tract

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10
Q

name stratified epithelial tissue (types and a location)

A

squamous - skin
cuboidal - sweat duct
transitional - urinary bladder

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11
Q

where is pseudostratified found

A

trachea

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12
Q

describe characteristics of epithelial tissue

A

rests on a BM (basement membrane)
epithelial tissue is avascular
may be keratinized or non keratinized

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13
Q

what does avascular mean

A

lacks blood vessels

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14
Q

where is keratinized epithelial tissue found

A

epidermis

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15
Q

where is non keratinized epithelial tissue found

A

esophagus

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16
Q

name layers of skin

A

epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

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17
Q

where is site of BM

A

between epidermis and dermis

18
Q

name layers of the epidermis (top to bottom, 4)

A

stratum corneum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum germinativum

19
Q

describe stratum granulosum (gen/1 fact)

A

keratohyalin granules

20
Q

name the main objectives of the microscope

A

scanning x4
low power x10
high dry x40
oil immersion x100 (dont use tho)

21
Q

describe the condenser

A

condenses light into parallel beams
diaphragm - make sure numbers match objective

22
Q

how to determine final magnification

A

multiply objective by 10 (since eyepieces are x10)

23
Q

describe objectives

A

all are parfocal - once image is focused with low power it is almost in focus and only requires fine focusing

24
Q

what type of epithelium is the epidermis

A

stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

25
Q

what are the dermis and hypodermis made of

A

connective tissue

26
Q

nuclei, DNA, RNA appear…

A

basophilic
blue

27
Q

cytoplasm and proteins appear…

A

red

28
Q

describe BM

A

not visible in skin - but must know general location
in between epidermis and dermis

29
Q

what is epidermis lined by

A

basement membrane

30
Q

name the first layer of cells resting on BM

A

stratum germinativum (stratum basale)

31
Q

describe stratum germinativum

A

single layer of columnar shaped cells

32
Q

what do cells in stratum germinativum do

A

actively divide
responsible for regenerating epidermis

33
Q

what are cells joined to the BM by (stratum germinativum)

A

hemidesmosomes

34
Q

describe stratum spinosum

A

several layers of polygonal shaped cells

35
Q

what are cells joined together by (stratum spinosum)

A

desmosomes

36
Q

why is stratum spinosum referred to as spinosum

A

because tonofibrils gives cells a spiny appearance

37
Q

what are tonofibrils

A

visible fibers that insert into the cellular junctions

38
Q

describe stratum granulosum

A

2-5 layers of cells
flattened and contain basophilic (blue) granules called keratohyalin granules

39
Q

what is the surface layer called

A

stratum corneum

40
Q

describe stratum corneum

A

non nucleated cells & have cytoplasm filled with keratin

41
Q

what happens in stratum corneum

A

desmosomes begin to breakdown
cells at surface are shed (de-squamation)

ANAT 261 (27 decks)

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