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Vet Nursing LAB > Lab 1- Disinfecting And Cleaning > Flashcards

Lab 1- Disinfecting And Cleaning Flashcards

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1
Q

Difference between disinfection and sterilization

A

Disinfection- destruction of vegetative forms, but not the spores, on an object
Sterilization- destruction of all organisms and spores on an object

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2
Q

Similarities between disinfection and sterilization

A

Both used on inanimate objects, not animals

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3
Q

Took used for sterilization

A

Autoclave (uses heat and steam)

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4
Q

Disinfectants vs antiseptics

A

Disinfectants- agents applied to inanimate objects to destroy vegetative forms of bacteria (not spores. That would be sterilization) and inactivate viruses
Antiseptics- agents capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth of infectious agents. Can be used on animals

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5
Q

Chemical disinfectants are called ___

What are the two most common in vet med

A

Aldehydes.

Formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

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6
Q

Formaldehyde is used for

It is a

A

Preservation of tissue specimens.

Carcinogenic (can cause cancer, handle w gloves)

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7
Q

Glutaraldehyde is used for

A

Cold sterilization esp for endoscopes, foot soaks for cattle (not tissue, still technically a disinfectant)

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8
Q

What percentage alcohol would be used as a disinfectant

A

70%

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9
Q

Characteristics of alcohol as a disinfectant

A

70%
Bactericidal
Ineffective against spores and fungi
Evaporated rapidly
Inhibited by organic debris (vomit,etc.)
May be used in cold “sterilization trays” or wiping down thermometers and surfaces

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10
Q

Quaternary ammonium (quat) compounds are (disinfectants, antiseptics, sterilizers)

A

Disinfectants

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11
Q

Quaternary ammonium compound characteristics

A

Effective against bacteria
Not effective against spores and many viruses
Direct expose toxic to cats!
Effective against parvovirus at proper concentration

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12
Q

Example of a quat compound

A

Kennel sol

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13
Q

Chlorhexidine can be used as a disinfectant or antiseptic

A

Both

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14
Q

Two forms of chlorhexidine

A

Solutions and surgical scrubs

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15
Q

As a disinfectant, what would you use scrubs and solutions for

A

Surgical scrub- soak surgical instruments

Solution- used in cold tray to soak instruments for cat neuters and minor procedures. Or spray to clean surfaces

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16
Q

Example of a chlorhexidine disinfectant

A

Nolvasan

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17
Q

Chlorhexidine as an antiseptic would be used for

A

Scrub- clean animals skin prior to surgery (prep)
Scrub surgeons hands
Solution- lavage wounds (clean)

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18
Q

Examples of chlorhexidine antiseptics

A

Nolvasan, hibiclens

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19
Q

Which is predominately used on animals, solutions or scrubs

A

Scrubs

20
Q

Chloride compounds are disinfectants or antiseptics

A

Disinfectants

21
Q

Example of chloride compound disinfectant

A

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)

22
Q

Characteristics of chloride compounds

A

Bactericidal and fungicidal
One of best disinfectants for viruses
Cytotoxic (don’t use on living tissues)
Inhibited by organic debris (vomit,etc.)

23
Q

Ration for mixing bleach

A

1:32 dilution

1/2 cup bleach per gallon of water

24
Q

Dangers of bleach with too high of a concentration

A

May irritate mucous membranes of people and animals. May mimic upper respiratory infection

25
Q

How long till a sodium hypochlorite diluted mixture lasts

A

Inactivated within 24hrs

26
Q

Trifectant is a disinfectant or antiseptic

A

Disinfectant

27
Q

Characteristics of trifectants

A

Effective against many bacteria, fungi, &viruses.
Comes in tablet or powder form has to be mixed w water
Stable for 5-7 days when mixed

28
Q

Percent ratio for trifectant mixtures

A

1% to 3% solution

29
Q

Disinfectants effective against parvovirus

A

Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)
Trifectant
Quat at proper concentrations

30
Q

Parvovirus (different strains) causes

A

Canine parvo- inhibits and kills white blood cells. Can only be treated by letting it run its course
Feline panleukopenia

31
Q

Infection acquired in a hospital or care facility setting

A

Nosocomial infection

32
Q

How a step pan is used

A

Place towel or rag in litterbox or pan
Poor properly diluted bleach until towel is saturated
Place pan at entrance/exit of room housing infected animal(s)
Anyone who leaves room must step in pan, squishing with both feet for several seconds

33
Q

Procedure for cleaning surfaces

A

1 remove contamination (feces,etc.)

  1. Evenly cover surface with disinfectant spray
  2. Let set for 10 mins if needed (truly decontaminate, Ex: parvo)
  3. Wipe surface, following the same leading edge
34
Q

Procedure for cleaning cages

A
  1. dispose litter or newspapers if dirty
  2. Disinfect reusable items (bowls,etc.)
  3. Wash towels with bleach added
  4. Spray and wipe cage floor walls ceiling and door
35
Q

Cleaning dog kennels in Newell procedure

A

Pick up excrement
Spray the run floor, bed, walls, and door (kennel sol)
Scrub w scrub brush if any matter is stuck on
Spray walls floor and bed with hose
Use squeegee to push excess water in gutter

36
Q

Is alcohol a disinfectant or antiseptic

A

Both

37
Q

Alcohol as an antiseptic is used for

A

Rinsing agent when prep for surgery

May be used to wipe injection or venipunture sites

38
Q

Should you use alcohol on an open wound, why why not?

A

No. Painful and cytotoxic (toxic to cells)

39
Q

Povidone iodine is a disinfectant or antiseptic

A

Both

40
Q

Povidone iodine is formulated as a _____ or _____

Similar to ______

A

Scrub or solution

Like chlorhexidine

41
Q

Pros and cons of chlorhexidine vs povidone iodine

A

Povidone much cheaper
Povidone has a long period residual activity
Some are very allergic, stains

42
Q

What is residual activity

A

When something continues to have antiseptic properties after it’s been rinsed

43
Q

Brand name of povidone iodine

A

Betadine

44
Q

Define asepsis

A

A condition of sterility in which no living organisms are present

45
Q

Aseptic technique

A

All steps taken to prevent contamination of a surgical site by infectious agents
(Shave, scrub, covered w drapes)

Vet Nursing LAB (18 decks)

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