12: Oral Exam And Dentistry Flashcards
The mucous membrane is
Specialized epithelial tissue that secretes mucous
The mucous membrane lines
Inside of the mouth
Nasal passages
Eyes
Genitalia
Best locations to access mucous membrane
- gums
- Inside of lip or cheek
- Third eyelid or vulva
- Paw pads (not mucous membrane)
Normal mucous membrane color, tends to be paler in cats
Pink
MM color that indicates anemia
Pale
MM color referred to as cyanosis
Bluish or grayish
MM color referred to as icterus
Yellow
Anemia
Deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin
Cyanosis May indicate
Deficiency of oxygen in blood. Can be dire emergency
Icterus, animal is icteric May indicate
possible liver condition
CRT is used to indicate
Tissue perfusion (blood is circulating through system)
Blanching
Cutting off blood supply creating a white appearance in region
Dental formulas: I C P M
Incisor
Canine
Premolar
Molar
Where incisors are located, how many, what they are used for
Front teeth. 3 sets. For gnawing and grooming
What canines are used for.
Grasping and tearing
Formula
2 ( top of each side/ bottom of each side #)
Eruption
Passage of teeth through the gum line into the mouth
Adult teeth erupt earlier in (large breeds/ smaller breeds)
Large
Large upper tooth used for shearing
Carnassial tooth
Soft slippery yellowish-white film composed of bacteria food debris and salivary components
Plaque
When plaque is not removed, it mineralizes into
A yellowish brown hard material
Tartar
Signs of oropharyngeal or peridontal disease
Halitosis (bad breath) Anorexia (lack or loss of appetite) Pawing at mouth Ptyalism (drooling) Dysphagia Bruxism Rapid jaw or tongue movements Infraorbital swelling Draining tracts In cheeks or lower jaw
Malocclusion
Improperly aligned teeth
Common in bracheosephalic breeds
Peridontal pockets
Space between tooth and surrounding tissue
Gingival recession
Destruction or drawing back of gums from teeth
Oronasal fistula
Opening between periodontium and nasal cavity formed as a result of destruction of bone
Oral ulcers (sores) seen in
Feline upper respiratory infection
Renal (kidney) failure
Deciduous teeth
Baby teeth
It is recommended that retained deciduous teeth are
Removed. Food can get caught in between
Worn incisors are common with
Allergies
Flea infestations
Kennel chewing
FORL lesions
Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions, tooth destruction, only seen in cats, phenomena, teeth replaced by bright red tissue
Appearance difference between tumors and gingival hyperplasia
Tumors=black tissue
GH= pink healthy tissue
Gingival hyperplasia, what it is what it’s common in
Overgrowth of normal gingival tissue
Common in boxers
Where in mouth to look for foreign bodies
Look at palate and under tongue
Stomatitis
Inflammation of soft tissue in mouth
Dry food or canned food?
Dry, chewing helps clean teeth
Can human toothpaste be used on animals
No
