9: Integument Flashcards
Define integument
Structures which serve to cover and protect the body
Examples of integument structure
Skin, hair coat, wool, feathers, scales, nails, hooves, horns, antlers, beak
Difference between antlers and horns
Antlers are shed, horns are not
Climate fleas prefer
Warm, humid
Signs of a flea infestation on an animal
Pruritus Chewing Severely worn incisors Alopecia in lumbar region Scabs Flea dirt
Flea dirt contains
Eggs, larvae, flea feces
Flea larvae eat what
Adult flea feces
When do flea eggs hatch (under what conditions)
16days -1 yr depending on activity in environment. Eggs go dormant
FAD
Flea allergy dermatitis
Severe pruritus and inflammation due to flea bite allergies
Commonly seen in cases of FAD (signs)
Erythema and alopecia esp in lumbar region
Way to diagnose fleas
Flea comb
Where to comb w a flea comb
Lumbar region, cheeks, neck
Teeth of comb should contact skin
Fleas commonly lead to (what other parasite)
Tapeworms
Feces is often shaped like
A comma
Most flea collars do not work and contain harmful chemicals, except what brand
Seresto by Bayer
How long seresto lasts, price range
Expensive (40-60$) lasts 6-8months
What are the hazardous chemicals contained in many cheap flea products (collars and over the counter meds)
Organophosphates like pyrethrin or permethrin
Areas of animal where fleas are found most
Lumbar region, head and neck, belly
Diseases transmitted by ticks
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Lyme disease
Ehrlichiosis
Advantage and frontline
What they are and treat
What animals they can be used on
Topical medicine, used on both dogs and cats, treats fleas only
Advantix
What kind of medicine, what it treats, what animals it can be used on
Topical medicine, treats fleas and ticks, dogs only
Frontline plus, what kind of medicine, what it treats, what animals it can be used on
Topical medicine, flea and tick, both dogs and cats
Where to apply topical medicine on cats and dogs
Cats- nape of neck
Dogs- nape of neck and along back
Example of bad over the counter flea treatment brand
Hartz
Too many over the counter flea treatments used at once can cause
Organophosphate poisoning, seizures
What happens if a removed ticks head stays in
A little local irritation.
Ticks spread diseases through
Their saliva (they regurgitate before they let go
Signs of mange mites
Flaking and hair loss on palpebrae (around eyes) and pinnae, patchy alopecia or hair thinning
How to diagnose mange mites
Skin scraping
Scrape skin w blade until it bleeds, spread debris on mineral oil slide
Sarcoptic Mange causes ____ in what animals
Severe pruritis in dogs only
Demodectic mange, seen mostly in _____. Is it itchy?
Dogs, common in pit bulls and puppies. Not itchy usually
What mange parasite; we and dogs have them normally
Demodectic mange
What causes the overgrowth of demodectic mange
Immune system problems
What parasite? May appear as dandruff, May adhere to skin (esp in pubic region), very pruritic
Lice
Can live be transmitted from an animal to a person
No, lice are species specific
1 lice is called a
Louse
Lice eggs are layed where
On hair shafts
Lice can be treated with
Frontline
What kind of parasite?
Fly larvae that hatch on hair and burrow in skin
Cuterebra
Cuterebra is common in
Cats, cattle, and many small mammals. In cats they are usually along jaw line, in neck, or around pinnae
The area around a cuterebra hole may be
Severely inflamed or draining pus
What kind of parasite? Crusty lesions frequently on pinnae paws and face Hair loss High potential for human infection A fungus
Ringworm (dermatophytosis)
Ringworm common in
Cats and large animals. Infects dogs as well
Is ringworm pruritic or life threatening?
No
Shelter cats w ringworm are usually
Euthanized
Ringworm can be diagnosed with
A woods lamp (UV light)
DTM ( dermatophyte test medium) or In Tray DM kit
Drawbacks of using a woods lamp to diagnose ringworm
Dander may also glow
Does not pick up all types of ringworm
How a DTM/ In Tray DM kit works
Pluck hairs surrounding legion, place in media, leave cap open 1/4 turn to allow air in, observe in 10 days. Pink=positive
Lipomas
Fatty tumors
Usually benign
Lipomas common in
Older dogs
Abscesses are common in
Usually a result of
Small animals
Bite wounds
Most common in tomcats
