Lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Histology is the study of?

A

microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues and organs

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2
Q

Compound microscopes use which type of light to view specimens?

A

white light

-referred to as a light microscope

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3
Q

The first lens ___________ produces and image that magnifies the specimen which is further magnified by ________ that you look directly through

A

the objective lens

the second lens (oculars)

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4
Q

True or False:

Compound microscopes have a large working distance (distance between the stage and the objectives

A

False: small working distance making they suited for visualizing prepared specimens on slides

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5
Q

Another example of a light microscope is?

A

the stereomicroscope or dissection microscope

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6
Q

The two main differences between the compound and stereomicroscope is?

A

nature of illumination of the specimen

preparation of the specimen

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7
Q

A compound light microscope is a __ -___ magnifier, where the image is magnified by _________ as well as the ______

A

the objective as well as the ocular

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8
Q

The ocular (eyepiece)

A

The uppermost lens through which the specimen is viewed

-function to further magnify the image formed by the objective lenses and to project his image to observers eyes

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9
Q

When changing obectives always turn the ______ NEVER push or pull the ______ themselves

A

nosepiece

objectives

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10
Q

Objectives

A

the lower lenses that are attached to the nosepiece that magnify and project the image from the slide onto the lenses of the ocular

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11
Q

Objective range:
scanning
low-power
high-power

A

2.5x, 4x
10x
40x

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12
Q

Stage

A

where slides are placed- stage clips used to secure the slides

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13
Q

lightsource

A

incandescent tungsten filament light bulb produces like to illuminate the specimen

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14
Q

condenser

A

lens system beneath stage used to focus light

-concentrates light rays

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15
Q

iris diapgragm

A

regulates light entering the microscope

-part of the condenser and controls amoun and angle of light rays

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16
Q

course adjustment knob

A

used to adjust microscope at low power

17
Q

fine adjustement knob

A

used to adjust the microscope into fine focus when using higher power objectives

18
Q

Total magnification=

A

ocular power x objective power

19
Q

The resolution of a microscope is really a measure of?

A

the fineness of detail that can be visualized in a specimen

20
Q

Resolution (R)=?

A

=λ / 2NA
λ= wavelength of illumination
NA= numerical aperture of the objective lens
-NA is the measure of the size or angle of the cone of light that is delivered by the condenser to the object

21
Q

The higher the NA the ________ the resolution will be. Why?

A

better the resolution

because R will be smaller

22
Q

the shorter the wavelength of light the ______ R will be

A

smaller R will be and the better the resolution

23
Q

Acheiving a high resolution means getting the ___ as high as possible and the ____ as low

A

NA

wavelength of light

24
Q

True of false

Magnification affects reolution

A

false
magnification has nothing to do with resolution
you do not get a higher resolution at higher power, unless the NA for that lens is higher

25
If you close the iris diaphragm to reduce the amount of light that reaches the specimen you will also reduce?
the contrast and resolution of the magnified image
26
Is oil immersion needed for histological specimens of tissue? What about 100x magnification?
no and no
27
List the steps in preparing a tissue or organ for microscopic examination
1. fixation- preserves specimen and prevents deterioration | 2. Stain the specimen - sections are stained by one or more dyes to provide contrast
28
Hematoyxlin is a _____ dye while eosin is a ____ dye
blue/purple | pink
29
Hematoxylin has high affinity for? Eosin has high affinity for?
acidic cellular material | basic cellular material