Lab 1

Question 1

Histology is the study of?

Answer 1

microscopic anatomy of cells, tissues and organs

Question 2

Compound microscopes use which type of light to view specimens?

Answer 2

white light

-referred to as a light microscope

Question 3

The first lens ___________ produces and image that magnifies the specimen which is further magnified by ________ that you look directly through

Answer 3

the objective lens

the second lens (oculars)

Question 4

True or False:

Compound microscopes have a large working distance (distance between the stage and the objectives

Answer 4

False: small working distance making they suited for visualizing prepared specimens on slides

Question 5

Another example of a light microscope is?

Answer 5

the stereomicroscope or dissection microscope

Question 6

The two main differences between the compound and stereomicroscope is?

Answer 6

nature of illumination of the specimen

preparation of the specimen

Question 7

A compound light microscope is a __ -___ magnifier, where the image is magnified by _________ as well as the ______

Answer 7

the objective as well as the ocular

Question 8

The ocular (eyepiece)

Answer 8

The uppermost lens through which the specimen is viewed

-function to further magnify the image formed by the objective lenses and to project his image to observers eyes

Question 9

When changing obectives always turn the ______ NEVER push or pull the ______ themselves

Answer 9

nosepiece

objectives

Question 10

Objectives

Answer 10

the lower lenses that are attached to the nosepiece that magnify and project the image from the slide onto the lenses of the ocular

Question 11

Objective range:
scanning
low-power
high-power

Answer 11

2.5x, 4x
10x
40x

Question 12

Stage

Answer 12

where slides are placed- stage clips used to secure the slides

Question 13

lightsource

Answer 13

incandescent tungsten filament light bulb produces like to illuminate the specimen

Question 14

condenser

Answer 14

lens system beneath stage used to focus light

-concentrates light rays

Question 15

iris diapgragm

Answer 15

regulates light entering the microscope

-part of the condenser and controls amoun and angle of light rays

Question 16

course adjustment knob

Answer 16

used to adjust microscope at low power

Question 17

fine adjustement knob

Answer 17

used to adjust the microscope into fine focus when using higher power objectives

Question 18

Total magnification=

Answer 18

ocular power x objective power

Question 19

The resolution of a microscope is really a measure of?

Answer 19

the fineness of detail that can be visualized in a specimen

Question 20

Resolution (R)=?

Answer 20

=λ / 2NA
λ= wavelength of illumination
NA= numerical aperture of the objective lens
-NA is the measure of the size or angle of the cone of light that is delivered by the condenser to the object

Question 21

The higher the NA the ________ the resolution will be. Why?

Answer 21

better the resolution

because R will be smaller

Question 22

the shorter the wavelength of light the ______ R will be

Answer 22

smaller R will be and the better the resolution

Question 23

Acheiving a high resolution means getting the ___ as high as possible and the ____ as low

Answer 23

NA

wavelength of light

Question 24

True of false

Magnification affects reolution

Answer 24

false
magnification has nothing to do with resolution
you do not get a higher resolution at higher power, unless the NA for that lens is higher

Question 25

If you close the iris diaphragm to reduce the amount of light that reaches the specimen you will also reduce?

Answer 25

the contrast and resolution of the magnified image

Question 26

Is oil immersion needed for histological specimens of tissue? What about 100x magnification?

Answer 26

no and no

Question 27

List the steps in preparing a tissue or organ for microscopic examination

Answer 27

1. fixation- preserves specimen and prevents deterioration

2. Stain the specimen - sections are stained by one or more dyes to provide contrast

Question 28

Hematoyxlin is a _____ dye while eosin is a ____ dye

Answer 28

blue/purple

pink

Question 29

Hematoxylin has high affinity for? Eosin has high affinity for?

Answer 29

acidic cellular material

basic cellular material