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Histology and General Pathology > CT > Flashcards

CT Flashcards

1
Q

Fxn of CT

A

support- physical and metabolic
nutrition
thermoregulation - adipose tissue
protection/defence- immunological and abrasion defence
repair- CT responsible for granulation tissue

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2
Q

CT is derived from embryonic CT called?

A

Mesenchyme - derived from the mesodermal germ layer

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3
Q

CT is classified on the basis of?

A

its ECM organization and cells within

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4
Q

Characteristics of CT

A

basic tissue type
mesodermal origin
minimum cell to cell contact
abundance of ECM relative to cells

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5
Q

The cells of CT secrete?

A

both the fibres and the ground substance

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6
Q

The fibroblast

A

fxn: synthesis of CT fibres and ground substance
fibrocyte=inactive form
oval to elongate basophilic nucleus
will find nuclei surrounded by collagen fibres

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7
Q

Ground substance

A

supports cells and fibres of CT, transport of substances

  • composition changes with the type of CT fibroblast produces
  • pink in masson’s trichrome
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8
Q

Collagen fibres

A

fxn: tensile strength, resistance
most abundant protein in the body 30%
consists of type I, II or III collagen

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9
Q

Elastic fibres

A

strength, stretch, recoil
thick tubular fibres
eosinophilic and slightly refractive

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10
Q

Reticular fibres

A
  • Visualized easily with PAS and silver impregnation
  • 3D support network- espeically in organs that change in volume - ex lymph nodes
  • made of collagen III and IV
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11
Q

Basement membranes

A

fxn= anchor epithelium to the lamina propria (CT); separate epithelium from CT

  • thin,fibrous, sheet like arrangements
  • separates epithelium, mesothelium, endothelium from underlying CT
  • formed of 2 layers of basal lamina
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12
Q

Embryonic CT types

A

mesenchymal

mucous

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13
Q

Mesenchymal cells are?

A

stem cells

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14
Q

Mucous CT

A

fxn support
found in umbilical cord
whartons jelly matrix

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15
Q

Types of proper CT

A

loose

dense -regular vs irregular

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16
Q

Loose CT

A

function: support
found in- tunica adventitia surrounding BV, serosa surrounding oragans, lamina propria beneath epithelial
abundant ground substance (greater portion of this than cells and fibres)

17
Q

Dense irregular CT

A

function: support and protection
unorganized, haphazard arrangement of interwoven fibres
collagen fibres predominate
-dermis, organ capsules

18
Q

Dense regular CT

A

function: support, facilitate body movement
structural framework
tendons, ligaments
fibres have organized and parallel arrangement

19
Q

what are the special CTs

A

blood
adipose
bone
carilage

20
Q

what are the 3 types of cartilage

A

elastic
fibrous
hyaline

21
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

function: connect bones together; reists compression; cushioning and low-friction surface for joint movement
- chondrocytes located in lacunae
- perichondrium (dense CT) surrounds hyaline cartilage (except at joints)

22
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

flexible support
elastin is the predominant fibre in the matrix (not usually seen in H&E)
perichondrium usually surrounds the cartilage

23
Q

How can you tell hyaline cartilage from elastic cartilage

A

hyalin matrix often appears somewhat basophilic and smooth vs elastic which has a more eosinophilic matrix

24
Q

FIbrous cartilage

A

Function: tensile support, resists deformation; shock absorber
combination of dense regular CT and hyaline cartilage
chondrocytes and fibroblasts
-chondrocytes dispersed among collagen fibres singly or in rows or groups

25
Q

Bone (osseous tissue)

A

-mineralized ECM
-collagen is predominant along with other proteins
-solid, hard, tensile strength-dynamic
support- axial and appendicular skeleton and muscle, tendon, and ligament insertion
protection- skull, ribs, long bones

26
Q

Types of bone cells

A

osteoblasts
osteocytes
osteoclasts

27
Q

Osteoblasts

A

basophilic cytoplasm

formation and mineralization of bone matrix

28
Q

osteocyte

A

mature osteoblast surrounded by osteoid
reside in lacunae
principle cell in mature bone

29
Q

Osteoclast

A

chew bone
large, multinucleated cells
located on surface in howships lacunae or resorption bay
eosinophilic cytoplasm

30
Q

Types of bone

A

compact- cortical

trabecular -spongy

31
Q

Osteon

A

concentric layers of bony matrix
centered around haversian canal
osteocytes reside in lacunae between lamellae
canaliculi connect lacunae

32
Q

_____ _____ connect haversian canals

A

volkamann’s canal

33
Q

____ and ____ extend into volkmanns from the ____

A

blood vessels and lymphatics

periosteum

Histology and General Pathology (15 decks)

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