CT Flashcards

1
Q

Fxn of CT

A

support- physical and metabolic
nutrition
thermoregulation - adipose tissue
protection/defence- immunological and abrasion defence
repair- CT responsible for granulation tissue

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2
Q

CT is derived from embryonic CT called?

A

Mesenchyme - derived from the mesodermal germ layer

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3
Q

CT is classified on the basis of?

A

its ECM organization and cells within

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4
Q

Characteristics of CT

A

basic tissue type
mesodermal origin
minimum cell to cell contact
abundance of ECM relative to cells

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5
Q

The cells of CT secrete?

A

both the fibres and the ground substance

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6
Q

The fibroblast

A

fxn: synthesis of CT fibres and ground substance
fibrocyte=inactive form
oval to elongate basophilic nucleus
will find nuclei surrounded by collagen fibres

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7
Q

Ground substance

A

supports cells and fibres of CT, transport of substances

  • composition changes with the type of CT fibroblast produces
  • pink in masson’s trichrome
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8
Q

Collagen fibres

A

fxn: tensile strength, resistance
most abundant protein in the body 30%
consists of type I, II or III collagen

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9
Q

Elastic fibres

A

strength, stretch, recoil
thick tubular fibres
eosinophilic and slightly refractive

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10
Q

Reticular fibres

A
  • Visualized easily with PAS and silver impregnation
  • 3D support network- espeically in organs that change in volume - ex lymph nodes
  • made of collagen III and IV
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11
Q

Basement membranes

A

fxn= anchor epithelium to the lamina propria (CT); separate epithelium from CT

  • thin,fibrous, sheet like arrangements
  • separates epithelium, mesothelium, endothelium from underlying CT
  • formed of 2 layers of basal lamina
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12
Q

Embryonic CT types

A

mesenchymal

mucous

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13
Q

Mesenchymal cells are?

A

stem cells

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14
Q

Mucous CT

A

fxn support
found in umbilical cord
whartons jelly matrix

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15
Q

Types of proper CT

A

loose

dense -regular vs irregular

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16
Q

Loose CT

A

function: support
found in- tunica adventitia surrounding BV, serosa surrounding oragans, lamina propria beneath epithelial
abundant ground substance (greater portion of this than cells and fibres)

17
Q

Dense irregular CT

A

function: support and protection
unorganized, haphazard arrangement of interwoven fibres
collagen fibres predominate
-dermis, organ capsules

18
Q

Dense regular CT

A

function: support, facilitate body movement
structural framework
tendons, ligaments
fibres have organized and parallel arrangement

19
Q

what are the special CTs

A

blood
adipose
bone
carilage

20
Q

what are the 3 types of cartilage

A

elastic
fibrous
hyaline

21
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

function: connect bones together; reists compression; cushioning and low-friction surface for joint movement
- chondrocytes located in lacunae
- perichondrium (dense CT) surrounds hyaline cartilage (except at joints)

22
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

flexible support
elastin is the predominant fibre in the matrix (not usually seen in H&E)
perichondrium usually surrounds the cartilage

23
Q

How can you tell hyaline cartilage from elastic cartilage

A

hyalin matrix often appears somewhat basophilic and smooth vs elastic which has a more eosinophilic matrix

24
Q

FIbrous cartilage

A

Function: tensile support, resists deformation; shock absorber
combination of dense regular CT and hyaline cartilage
chondrocytes and fibroblasts
-chondrocytes dispersed among collagen fibres singly or in rows or groups

25
Bone (osseous tissue)
-mineralized ECM -collagen is predominant along with other proteins -solid, hard, tensile strength-dynamic support- axial and appendicular skeleton and muscle, tendon, and ligament insertion protection- skull, ribs, long bones
26
Types of bone cells
osteoblasts osteocytes osteoclasts
27
Osteoblasts
basophilic cytoplasm | formation and mineralization of bone matrix
28
osteocyte
mature osteoblast surrounded by osteoid reside in lacunae principle cell in mature bone
29
Osteoclast
chew bone large, multinucleated cells located on surface in howships lacunae or resorption bay eosinophilic cytoplasm
30
Types of bone
compact- cortical | trabecular -spongy
31
Osteon
concentric layers of bony matrix centered around haversian canal osteocytes reside in lacunae between lamellae canaliculi connect lacunae
32
_____ _____ connect haversian canals
volkamann's canal
33
____ and ____ extend into volkmanns from the ____
blood vessels and lymphatics | periosteum