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Anatomy > L9 > Flashcards

L9 Flashcards

1
Q

Have ducts

A

Exocrine

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2
Q

No ducts

A

Endocrine

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3
Q

Arranged to form tubular, acinar, tubuloacinar glands

A

Exocrine

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4
Q

Arranged into clusters of cells, cords of cells, follicle or remain as dispersed cells.

A

Endocrine

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5
Q

Released on to the surface body/lumen of viscera through the ducts

A

Exocrine

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6
Q

Released into connective tissue of the gland and from where they enter the vascular system

A

Endocrine

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7
Q

Releases hormones

A

Endocrine

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8
Q

During fetal development epithelial cells proliferate and penetrate in the ____ and differentiate into__ epithelial tissue

A

underlying connective tissue

glandular

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9
Q

If secretion from the glandular tissue reach to the surface of the lining or covering epithelium by a duct lined with epithelium, then gland is called ____

A

exocrine gland.

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10
Q

The glandular tissue if loses its connection with lining epithelium from which it developed, and then it develops into ____

A

endocrine gland

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11
Q

T/F : Exocrine and endocrine gland are covered by a connective tissue capsule.

A

F: only exo

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12
Q

In ____ (exo, endo) cirne glands has septa From the deep surface of the capsule arise and divide the gland into lobes and lobules, thus connective tissue supports the glandular tissue

A

Exo

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13
Q

Blood vessels run through the septa to reach the parenchyma of the lobules. Why?

A

To secrete their stuff in the blood vessels ❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌❌
They need blood supply ✅✅✅✅

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14
Q

What type of gland is large intestine

A

Simple tubular exocrine

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15
Q

What type of gland is the colon (morphology)

A

Simple tubular exocrine

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16
Q

What type of gland is the urethra and paraurethra glands

A

Simpel acinar

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17
Q

What type of gland is mammary glands (morphology)

A

Simple tuboalveolar

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18
Q

What type of gland is duodenum (morphology)

A

Compound tubular

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19
Q

What type of gland is burnner’s gland

A

Compound tubular

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20
Q

What type of gland is pancreas (morphology)

A

Compound acinar

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21
Q

What type of gland is salivary glands

A

Compound tuboalveolar

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22
Q

What type of gland is stomach pyloric gland

A

Simple branched tubular

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23
Q

What type of gland is eccrine sweat glands

A

Simple coiled tubular

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24
Q

What type of gland is sebaceous, mucous , cardiac (morphology)

A

Simple branched acinar

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25
Q

Secrete through vesicles

A

Merocine

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26
Q

Loose part of the cytoplasm, lipids

A

Apocrine

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27
Q

Rupture

A

Holocrine

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28
Q

Simple glands have ____ducts, however, their secretory portion can be

A

Unbranched
Branched

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29
Q

Compound glands have ____ducts, however, their secretory portion can be

A

Branched
Branched too!

30
Q

What type of glands are goblet cells

A

Unicellular exocrine

31
Q

Goblet cells have a a basal nucleus surrounded by ___ and a
____ just above the nucleus, and an apical end filed with ____ that contains

A

RER

large Golgi complex

large secretory granules
mucins.

32
Q

What type of gland is salivary glands
(merocrine, apocrine, holocrine)

A

Merocrine

33
Q

What type of gland is pancreas
(merocrine, apocrine, holocrine)

A

Merocrine

34
Q

What type of gland is mammary glands
(merocrine, apocrine, holocrine)

A

Apocrine

35
Q

What type of gland is sebaceous of hair follicles
(merocrine, apocrine, holocrine)

A

Holocrine

36
Q

What type of gland is the tarsal (meibomian) of the eyelids
(merocrine, apocrine, holocrine)

A

Holocrine

37
Q

List the characteristics of the pancreas

A

Merocrine
Compound acinar
Serous

38
Q

List the characteristics of the salivary glands

A

Merocrine
Compound tuboacinar

39
Q

List the characteristics of the sebacous glands

A

Holocrine
Simple brached acinar

40
Q

Merocrine glands secrete their products, (usually containing proteins), by means of___ at the___

A

exocytosis

apical end of the secretory cells.

41
Q

Most exocrine glands are_

A

merocrine

42
Q

In holocrine gland, secretion is produced by the
• Both secretory products and cell debris are discharged into___

A

disintegration of the secretory cells themselves as they mature.

lumen of the gland.

43
Q

Peripheral cells in the holocrine gland are filled with ___, become metabolically inactive as they mature

A

lipid-rich granules

44
Q

secretion involves loss of a large membrane-enclosed portion of apical cytoplasm, usually containing one or more lipid droplets.

A

Apocrine

45
Q

The apical portion of the cell may subsequently break down to release its contents during passage into the duct.

A

Apocrine

46
Q

characterized by the
discharge of the secretory product with a pinched off portion of the apical cytoplasm

A

Apocrine

47
Q

What does the released droplets of the apocrine cell contains

A

Lipids

48
Q

Shape of serous cells

A

Roughly pyramid shaped

49
Q

The apical ends are eosinophilic due to the abundant immature and mature secretory granules present there

A

Serous

50
Q

show abundant RER, Golgi complexes, and secretory granules

A

Goblets
Serous cells
Mucous

51
Q

Larger?
Mucous or serous

A

M

52
Q

apical region and most of the other cytoplasm of mucous cell are filled with secretory granules containing mucin

A

Mucous only
Serous is wrong because it doesn’t have mucin

53
Q

The basal region contains the RER, nucleus, and a well-developed Golgi apparatus.

A

Mucous

54
Q

The RER and Golgi in___ cells are very rich in enzymes called ___ which

A

mucous
glycosyltransferases
attach sugars to polypeptide chains to make glycoproteins

55
Q

contains many glycoproteins with important water-binding properties.

A

Mucous

56
Q

Mucous cells have ___ nuclei, while serous cells have ___ nuclei

A

flat Basal
Round , oval

57
Q

Clumps of serous cells at the ends of some mucous tubules appear as crescent shaped structures called

A

serous demilunes

58
Q

Myoepithelial Are located between

A

Base of epithelial cell on the basal lamina

59
Q

Star shaped

A

Myoepithelial cells.

60
Q

Long processes embrace the acinar cells

A

Myoepithelial

61
Q

Specialized for contraction-they have actin and myosin

A

Myoepithelial

62
Q

____ can be stained, unlike ___ which stains lightly

A

Myoepithelial
Serous

63
Q

Why are protein secretory cells are a good example of exocrine?

A

Because their apical end is associated with lumen and their basal end has capillaries for nutrients

Not sure revise that they are exo

64
Q

Cells are rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum , Golgi apparatus and prominent nucleus

A

Protein secreting cells

65
Q

Why is steroid secreting cells a good example of endocrine?

A

Their microvilli end (apical ) is associated with capillaries to dump their products into the blood stream

66
Q

Mitochondria with variable shape are located in the abundant cytoplasm.

A

Steroids secreting cells

67
Q

___ has 1 nuclei while ___ has more than one

A

Protein secreting cells
Steroids secreting cells

68
Q

Have a prominent nuclei

A

Protein and steroids secreting cells

69
Q

What is the mechanism by which almost all nutrients ions and other substances are absorbed into the blood from the intestine

A

Sodium enters by diffusion through the apical side
Through active transport using Na/Kase, The sodium ions are transported to the connective tissue side against the concentration gradient.
Therefore the water movement, osmosis will move from inside the cell to outside the cell to dilute the high concentration of sodium. 

70
Q

Ion and water absorption is from the ____ to the___
While Ion and water secretion is from the ____ to the___

A

Lumen , blood
Blood, lumen

71
Q

Goblet cells contain

A

Mucins

Anatomy (20 decks)

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