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Anatomy > L7 > Flashcards

L7 Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with the causes, mechanism and pattern of abnormal development

A

Teratology

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2
Q

Cystic hygroma is

A

A benign neoplastic cystic tumor of the neck of lymphatic origin

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3
Q

% of congenital malformation causes

A

55% multifactorial
30% genetic
15% environmental

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4
Q

cataracts

A

Rubella virus

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5
Q

Heart malformation

A

Rubella virus

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6
Q

Deafness

A

Rubella virus

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7
Q

Reduction defects of limbs

A

Thalidomide

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8
Q

Female external genitalia

A

Androgenic steroids

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9
Q

Nasal hypoplasia

A

Coumadin anticoagulants

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10
Q

Fetal thyroid deficiency

A

Radioiodine therapy

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11
Q

Staining of enamel in primary teeth Staining of crowns of permanent teeth

A

Tetracycline

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12
Q

Xo

A

Turner syndrome
Immature female

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13
Q

Xxy

A

Klinefelter syndrome

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14
Q

Xyy

A

Normal appearance; reputed difficulty with impulsive behavior

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15
Q

Normal appearance
retardation (1/3rd of cases)
fertile (in many cases)

A

Xxx

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16
Q

most common abnormalities of autosome numbers

A

Trisomies

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17
Q

Dwarfism caused mainly by shortening of limbs

A

Achondroplasia, dominant autosomal

18
Q

Absence of iris (usually not complete)

A

Aniridia, autosomal dominant

19
Q

Numerous cysts in kidneys

A

Polycystic kidney disease (adult onset, type III), AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
Or

Polycystic kidney disease (prenatal type I) AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

20
Q

Absence of pigmentation

A

Albinism, AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

21
Q

Defective blood clotting

A

Hemophilia, X-LINKED RECESSIVE

22
Q

Enlargement of cranium

A

Hydrocephalus, X-LINKED RECESSIVE

23
Q

CVS defects

A

Rubella virus

24
Q

Cephalic deformities, intrauterine growth retardation

A

Cytomegalovirus

25
Q

Cephalic deformities, mental retardation, prematurity

A

Toxoplasma gondi

26
Q

Anencephaly, spina bifida, intellectual disability

A

Hyperthermia

27
Q

Microcephaly, spina bifida, cleft palate, limb defects

A

Ionizing radiation

28
Q

Growth & mental retardation, facial & trunk malformations

A

Alcohol

29
Q

Variety of major anomalies throughout body

A

Chemotherapeutic drugs

30
Q

Spontaneous abortion, prematurity, low birth weight, heart, craniofacial, and neural tube defects

A

Industrial solvents

31
Q

Growth retardation, neurological disorders

A

Lead

32
Q

Heart anomalies

A

Lithium

33
Q

Defects related to derivatives of neural crest

A

Retinoic acid

34
Q

Hearing loss, auditory nerve damage

A

Streptomycin

35
Q

Hypoplasia and staining of tooth enamel, staining of bones

A

Tetracycline

36
Q

Limb defects, ear defects, cardiovascular anomalies

A

Thalidomide

37
Q

Masculinization of female genitalia, accelerated genital development in males

A

Androgens

38
Q

Malformation of the uterus, uterine tubes, and upper vagina; vaginal cancer; malformed testes

A

Diethylstilbestrol

39
Q

Various malformations; heart and neural defects most common

A

Maternal diabetes

40
Q

Neural tube defects, heart defects, omphalocoele

A

Maternal obesity

Anatomy (20 decks)

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