L2

Question 1

Gametogenesis is characterized by four stages what are they

Answer 1

1- Origin and migration
2-proliferation by mitosis
3-reduction by meiosis
4- maturation

Question 2

An increase in the number of germ cells by mitosis ensures that

Answer 2

A large preserver of future gametes

Question 3

Which phase of gametogenesis is identical in males and females

Answer 3

Origin and immigration

Question 4

Error in phase 1 can lead to

Answer 4

Phase 1 is origin and immigration, incorrect migration of germ cells lead to congenital anomalies/teratomas

Question 5

Genes on the same chromosomes are known as

Answer 5

Linked genes

Question 6

True or false: the pattern of my mitotic division of germ cells differ from males and females germ cells

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Replication occurs in which stage

Answer 7

 interphase

Question 8

Mention three events of prophase

Answer 8

Chromosome condensation
centromere development
nucleus breaks

Question 9

Mention the events of metaphase

Answer 9

Further condensation
Centrosomes are at the opposite sides
alignment

Question 10

Mention the events of telophase

Answer 10

Nucleus reforms
Decondensation 

Question 11

The first division in meiosis separates

Answer 11

Homologous chromosomes

Question 12

The second division in meiosis separates

Answer 12

Sister chromatids

Question 13

How many chromosomes are there after the first division in meiosis

Answer 13

23

Question 14

Genetic variation is a result of ____ in the ___ stage

Answer 14

Crossing over ophthalmologist chromosomes and random distribution

Meiosis one

Question 15

A primary germ cells give

Answer 15

Males :
22+x
22+x
22+y
22+y
All mature

Females
22+x (mature)
22+x ( atresia)
22+x ( atresia)
22+x ( atresia)

Question 16

The number of germ cells in female peaks in__ due to

Answer 16

Between the second and fifth month
Do you to mitosis

Question 17

Spermatogonia maintain the ability to divide throughout

Answer 17

Postnatal life

Question 18

Prepubertal stage: mostly
[Follicular pool/ atretic follicles/ growing follicles/ovulated follicles]

Answer 18

1:follicular pool
2: Atretic pool

Question 19

Adult stage: mostly
[Follicular pool/ atretic follicles/ growing follicles/ovulated follicles]

Answer 19

1: follicular
2:atretic
3: growing
4: ovulated

Question 20

Post menopausal stage: mostly
[Follicular pool/ atretic follicles/ growing follicles/ovulated follicles]
ادري انج حافظتهم بالترتيب فحفظي fago

Answer 20

1:atretic
2: ovulated

Question 21

Cells from mitosis plus a flat epithelium gives

Answer 21

Primordial follicle

Question 22

How many polar body one and polar body two does a female produce

Answer 22

2 polar body I
1 polar body II

Question 23

By the end of ____ the oogonia underwent a number of my mitotic division and are arranged in clusters surrounded by a layer of flat epithelium

Answer 23

3rd month

Question 24

At birth, the primary oocyte have started prophase of meiosis one but they donot enter metaphase until ___ but rather they are in __

Answer 24

Puberty
Diplotene stage

Question 25

Most oocytes become atretic during __

Answer 25

Childhood

Question 26

___# are present by puberty ___#will be ovulated

Answer 26

40,000 <500

Question 27

At puberty, pool of growing follicles are established from __

Answer 27

Primordial follicles

Question 28

Each month # to # are selected from the pool and begin to mature and pass through three stages __ __ __

Answer 28

15-20 Primary, preantral Secondary, antral Preovulatory (graafian follicle)

Question 29

When do the surrounding follicle cells change from flat to cubodial and why?

Answer 29

As the primary oocyte begins to grow To produce stratified epithelium of granulosa cells

Question 30

What are the three stratified epithelium of the granulosa sense

Answer 30

Corona radiata zona pellucida Theca folliculi

Question 31

After the first meiotic division # follicle Is produced 

Answer 31

Secondary follicle

Question 32

After the second meiotic division # follicle is produced

Answer 32

Tertiary

Question 33

Meiosis in males begin at __while in females__

Answer 33

After puberty At birth

Question 34

What is the difference between type a and type B Spermatogonium

Answer 34

Type A: primordial cell, before migration Type B: after migration, DNA replication

Question 35

In what type of germ cells all primary cells enter meiosis at the same time

Answer 35

Female gametes

Question 36

What is the result when is primary spermatogonium enters the meiotic phase as a primary spermatocyte and how long does it take

Answer 36

2 secondary spermatocytes, which enter the second meiotic division and result in four haploid spermatids >>> Spermiogenesis>> Mature sperm 64 days

Question 37

Mention four events of the maturation of sperms

Answer 37

Formation of the acrosomal which covers half of the nuclear surface Condensation of the nucleus Formation of the neck, middle piece, tail Shedding off most of the cytoplasm as residual bodies. 

Question 38

Mention six symptoms of down syndrome

Answer 38

Mental retardation delayed growth premature aging distinct facial characteristics intellectual disabilities thyroid dysfunction infections

Question 39

Mention four symptoms of trisomy 13

Answer 39

Mental retardation deafness Eyedefects cleft lips

Question 40

Mention four symptoms of trisomy 18

Answer 40

Mental retardation congenital heart defects Low set of ears flexion of fingers and hands

Question 41

What is the origin of primordial germ cells

Answer 41

Extra embryonic yolk sac

Question 42

To where the priomordial germ cells migrate to

Answer 42

Gonads 

Question 43

Accumulation of unwanted PGC in areas that they’re not supposed to be results in

Answer 43

Teratomas

Question 44

Proliferation by mitosis differs in males and females because it is slower in __ but have a higher rate in __ In __ they are life long but in __ they stop at birth

Answer 44

Males females males females

Question 45

When does Spermatogonium becomes a primary spermatocyte

Answer 45

At puberty

Question 46

Why are follicles important? 

Answer 46

For the oocyte to become ready for fertilization, because follicles provide nutrients to the oocyte

Question 47

When does the oogonia undergo Artesia

Answer 47

5 months - Premenopuase

Question 48

In the fetal period __ #follicles are present

Answer 48

0

Question 49

When do the flat cells change to cuboidal and why

Answer 49

As the primary oocyte grows , To produce stratified epithelium of granulosa cells which are zona pellucida - corona radiata - theca folliculi

Question 50

What is the origin of primordial germ cells What is the constituent of primordial germ cells

Answer 50

A: extraembrionic yolk sac B: clusters from meiosis +flat epithelial cells

Question 51

When does the oogonia undergo atresia Most oocytes become atretic during

Answer 51

5 months - premenopausal Childhood

Question 52

Clusters of cells + flat epithelial cells are in the __month

Answer 52

3rd

Question 53

When does the # of 1* oocyte decrease

Answer 53

Midgestation