Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuroscience > L45 Movement Disorders Cerebellum > Flashcards

L45 Movement Disorders Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functions of the cerebellum?

A

synergy of movement
posture

fine tunes movement!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is synergy of movement?

A

many elements of muscular contraction are collectively coordinated to create purposeful movement (walking etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is posture

A

the body is orientated appropriately relative to the vector of gravity - dictated by muscle tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the cerebellum acts as a ____

A

comparator

  • receives copies of motor instructions that were already sent to LMN
  • compares sensory feedback to original motor instructions
  • errors are reported back to motor centers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the cerebellum regulates ___body

A

ipsilateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

acute cerebellar damage often yields ______

A

pronounced motor deficits (ipsilaterally)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

substantial functional recovery may occur in _____

A

chronic, but non-progressive cerebellar damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what separates the anterior lobe from the posterior lobe?

A

primary fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what CN are sort of associated with the flocculo-nodular lobe of the cerebellum

A

CN 7 and 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

more medial structures of the cerebellum regulate ___

A

trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

more lateral structures of the cerebellum regulate ___

A

limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the flocculonodular lobe/vestibulo-cerebellum

A

think equilibrium!
afferents from vestibular apparatus (balance, eye movements)
works with CN 8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe the spino-cerebellum/anterior lobe?

A

sensory feedback (trunk and limb movement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the cerebro-cerebellum/posterior lobe?

A

integrates motor with sensory feedback (precise movements - location and timing, planning)

receives afferent connections from the deep pontine nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

superior cerebellar peduncle carries what and where is it

A

efferents

cerebellum to midbrain and pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

middle cerebellar peduncle carries what and where is it

A

afferent

pons to cerebellum

17
Q

inferior cerebellar peduncle carries what and where is it

A

afferent ( + many efferents)

spinal cord and medulla to cerebellum

18
Q

what is similar between the cortex and cerebellum

A

from outside:

gray, white, gray, ventricles

19
Q

how many layers does the cerebellum have? what are their names

A

3
molecular layer
purkinje layer
granule layer

20
Q

what does the vermis and flocculonodular lobe communicate with

A

fastigial nuclei –> vestibular system

21
Q

what does the paravermis communicate with?

A

interposed nuclei –> red nucleus

22
Q

what does the lateral hemispheres communicate with?

A

dentate nuclei –> thalamus

23
Q

what are sx/sx associated with vestibule-cerebellum/flocculonodular lobe lesions?

A

affect equilibrium related motor functions

  • nystagmus (ocular ataxia)
  • tilted head
  • titubation (head-nodding)
  • truncal ataxia (imbalance) with compensatory wide-based stance – impaired tandem walking
24
Q

what are sx/sx associated with spino-cerebellum/anteiror lobe lesions?

A

affect posture and movement of limbs

  • ataxias of the limbs common (ipsilateral)
  • gait ataxia accompanies by lurching to the side of the lesion
25
Q

what are sx/sx associated with cerebro-cerebellum/posterior lobe lesions?

A

affect accuracy and timing of movement

  • ataxia
  • decomp of movement
  • dysarthia (slurred monotonous speech)
  • dyssynergia (uncoordinated limbs)
    • dysdiadokinesia - inability to perform rapidly alternating movenets
    • dysmetria - past pointing
  • intention tremor
  • hypotonia
  • rebound phenomenon
26
Q

in what population do midline astrocytomas most commonly occur in?

A

children

27
Q

what are the motor signs of tumors?

A
  • nystagmus
  • truncal ataxia
  • broad-based stance with impaired tandem walking
  • hypotonia
28
Q

what are other manefestations of tumors?

A
  • headache
  • hydrocephalus
  • intracranial pressure elevated - papilledema
  • nausea and vomiting
29
Q

what arterial system is implicated in cerebellar stroke?

A

vertebral

unilateral occlusive disease is common

30
Q

what are the motor signs of cerebellar stroke

A
  • dysarthia
  • dyssynergia (ipsilateral)
    • dysmetria
    • dysdiadokinesia
  • intension tremor (ipsilateral)
  • rebound phenomenon (ipsilateral)
  • limb ataxia (ipsiateral)
  • truncal ataxia

brainstem signs are not uncommon - cerebellar arteries supply the brainstem en route to the cerebellum!

31
Q

what is vitamin B1 (thiamin) deficiency linked to

A

degeneration of the rostral vermis and adjacent parts of the remaining anterior cerebellar lobe

cortical purkinje cells degenerate

motor signs involve leg and trunk

some resolution may follow abstinence and diet supplementation

alcoholics at higher risk

32
Q

describe louis-bar syndrome

A

autosomal recessive

widespread degeneration fo cerebellar purkinje cells and compromised immune function (chromosome 11)

33
Q

what are sx/sx of louis-bar syndrome?

A

delayed development of motor skills accompanies increased vulnerability to infection

  • most obvious related to walking, talking, facial and ocular movements
  • long term: heightened sensitivity to ionizing radiation is observed along with increased vulnerability to cancers
  • skin and eyes tend to express small dilated blood vessels
34
Q

describe cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS)

A

lesions of the posteiror lobe are considered to correlate with dysfunctional cognitive and emotional systems
-leads to:
emotional blunting and depression
disinhibition
psychosis
executive, visual-spatial and linguistic deterioration
condition is conceptualized in relation to “dysmetria of thought”

35
Q

what are the two fiber inputs of the cerebellar cortex?

A

climbing fibers

mossy fibers

36
Q

what are climbing fibers

A

input from inferior olivary nucleus

37
Q

what are mossy fibers?

A

carry all other inputs

Neuroscience (54 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions