L3 Organization of the Nervous System II

Question 1

what makes up the striatum?

Answer 1

caudate n. + putamen - same stuff

Question 2

what makes up the lentiform nucleus?

Answer 2

putamen + globus pallidus

Question 3

what is the function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 3

regulate cortical activity via the thalamus

Question 4

what is huntington’s disease?

Answer 4

damage to striatum

Question 5

what is the function of the hippocampus?

Answer 5

involved in memory
-if damaged = amnesia
info is destined for LT memory

Question 6

what is the function of the amygdala?

Answer 6

memory function, with emotional regulation - assigns an emotional valence to memory

Question 7

what are the 3 types of cerebral white matter?

Answer 7

projection, commissural, association

Question 8

what is projection white matter?

Answer 8

connects cortical and subcortical sites

ex - internal capsule, thalamus to cortex

Question 9

what is commissural white matter?

Answer 9

connect homotrophic cortical sites between hemispheres

ex - corpus collasum

Question 10

what does association white matter do?

Answer 10

connects one cortical region to another within the same hemisphere

ex - superior longitudinal fasciculus

Question 11

which structure is very vulnerable to stroke?

Answer 11

internal capsule - projection white matter

Question 12

what is the function of crus cerebri?

Answer 12

important for motor inputs

Question 13

what are cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 13

sup, mid and inf.

used for cerebellar communication - feet of cerebellum to stand on brainstem!

Question 14

pyramid is continuous with what structures?

Answer 14

internal capsule and crus cerebri - same axons, different names for different levels

Question 15

where do efferent and afferent nerves go?

Answer 15

to and from limbs

Question 16

when sensory and motor are close by?

Answer 16

reflex!

Question 17

what does the dorsal column do?

Answer 17

carry sensory info to brain

Question 18

what does the lateral column do?

Answer 18

motor going down, sensory going up

Question 19

what layer is the cauda equina located in?

Answer 19

subarachnoid space

Question 20

what is the epineurium covering?

Answer 20

outer covering of peripheral nerve, contains fatty material +blood vessels

Question 21

what does perineurium covering?

Answer 21

covers fascicles, has fatty material

Question 22

what does the endoneurium cover?

Answer 22

covers and bundles small # of axons - axons may or may not have schwann cells as insulators

Question 23

when there is a node of Ranvier (uninsulated zone) what is there?

Answer 23

high density of ion channels!

Question 24

what CN is associated with the telencephalon?

Answer 24

CN 1 olfactory n.

Question 25

what CNs are assocated with the diencephalon?

Answer 25

CN 2 optic n.

Question 26

what CNs are associated with the mesencephalon?

Answer 26

CN 3 oculomotor n. | CN 4 trochlear n.

Question 27

what CNs are associated with the metencephalon?

Answer 27

CN 5 trigeminal n. CN 6 abducens n. CN 7 Facial n. CN 8 vestibulocochlear n.

Question 28

what CNs are associated with the myelencephalon + myelon?

Answer 28

CN 9 glossopharyngeal n. CN 10 vagus n. CN 11 spinal accessory n. (goes down to spinal cord) CN 12 hypoglossal n.

Question 29

which of the CNs are not peripheral nerves?

Answer 29

CN 2 optic - its part of CNS

Question 30

what are the motor pathways?

Answer 30

corticospinal tract -( lateral and anterior) motor corticobulbar tract - motor rubrospinal tract - motor reticulospinal tract - (lat and med) motor Vestibulospinal tract - (lat and med) motor

Question 31

what are the somatosensory pathways?

Answer 31

``` dorsal column - medial lemniscus anterolateral system (spinothalamic tract) ```

Question 32

what forms the BG?

Answer 32

caudate nucleus putamen globus pallidus claustrum