L3 Organization of the Nervous System II Flashcards
what makes up the striatum?
caudate n. + putamen - same stuff
what makes up the lentiform nucleus?
putamen + globus pallidus
what is the function of the basal ganglia?
regulate cortical activity via the thalamus
what is huntington’s disease?
damage to striatum
what is the function of the hippocampus?
involved in memory
-if damaged = amnesia
info is destined for LT memory
what is the function of the amygdala?
memory function, with emotional regulation - assigns an emotional valence to memory
what are the 3 types of cerebral white matter?
projection, commissural, association
what is projection white matter?
connects cortical and subcortical sites
ex - internal capsule, thalamus to cortex
what is commissural white matter?
connect homotrophic cortical sites between hemispheres
ex - corpus collasum
what does association white matter do?
connects one cortical region to another within the same hemisphere
ex - superior longitudinal fasciculus
which structure is very vulnerable to stroke?
internal capsule - projection white matter
what is the function of crus cerebri?
important for motor inputs
what are cerebellar peduncles?
sup, mid and inf.
used for cerebellar communication - feet of cerebellum to stand on brainstem!
pyramid is continuous with what structures?
internal capsule and crus cerebri - same axons, different names for different levels
where do efferent and afferent nerves go?
to and from limbs
when sensory and motor are close by?
reflex!
what does the dorsal column do?
carry sensory info to brain
what does the lateral column do?
motor going down, sensory going up
what layer is the cauda equina located in?
subarachnoid space
what is the epineurium covering?
outer covering of peripheral nerve, contains fatty material +blood vessels
what does perineurium covering?
covers fascicles, has fatty material
what does the endoneurium cover?
covers and bundles small # of axons - axons may or may not have schwann cells as insulators
when there is a node of Ranvier (uninsulated zone) what is there?
high density of ion channels!
what CN is associated with the telencephalon?
CN 1 olfactory n.
what CNs are assocated with the diencephalon?
CN 2 optic n.
what CNs are associated with the mesencephalon?
CN 3 oculomotor n.
CN 4 trochlear n.
what CNs are associated with the metencephalon?
CN 5 trigeminal n.
CN 6 abducens n.
CN 7 Facial n.
CN 8 vestibulocochlear n.
what CNs are associated with the myelencephalon + myelon?
CN 9 glossopharyngeal n.
CN 10 vagus n.
CN 11 spinal accessory n. (goes down to spinal cord)
CN 12 hypoglossal n.
which of the CNs are not peripheral nerves?
CN 2 optic - its part of CNS
what are the motor pathways?
corticospinal tract -( lateral and anterior) motor
corticobulbar tract - motor
rubrospinal tract - motor
reticulospinal tract - (lat and med) motor
Vestibulospinal tract - (lat and med) motor
what are the somatosensory pathways?
dorsal column - medial lemniscus anterolateral system (spinothalamic tract)
what forms the BG?
caudate nucleus
putamen
globus pallidus
claustrum
