L4 epithelium

Question 1

what is meant by cell polarity

Answer 1

each surface different and specialised for a different function eg apical vs basolateral

Question 2

what are the 3 cell domains

Answer 2

apical
lateral
basal

Question 3

specialisations of the apical surface

Answer 3

glycocalyx coating
cilia
microvilli (glycocalyx coating)

Question 4

what regions of the apical surface will have no glycocalyx layer?

Answer 4

cilia regions

Question 5

how does the glycocalyx layer appear in a histological image

Answer 5

orange - brown band

Question 6

function of glycocalyx in epithelial cells?

Answer 6

1. cell recognition
2. intercellular adhesion
3. cell communication

Question 7

what can be found in the glycocalyx

Answer 7

glycolipids and glycoproteins

Question 8

function of glycocalyx in endothelial cells

Answer 8

regulates permeability

Question 9

where are cilia found and how do they appear

Answer 9

hair like

trachea, uterine tube

Question 10

describe appearance of microvilli

Answer 10

tall closely packed projections

Question 11

microvilli function and where theyre found

Answer 11

absorption

SI

Question 12

how can determine cilia from microvilli

Answer 12

cilia longer and thinner and are not surrounded by glycocalyx

Question 13

basal lamina function

Answer 13

cell adhesion interface

permeability barrier

Question 14

lateral region function

Answer 14

cell to cell interactions

Question 15

what defines ‘simple’ epithelium

Answer 15

single cell layer

Question 16

what defines ‘stratified’ epithelium

Answer 16

two or more layers of cells

Question 17

where is simple epithelia likely to be found

Answer 17

absorption/diffusion/secretion surfaces
eg
lungs
SI

Question 18

where is stratified epithelium likely to be found

Answer 18

sites prone to mechanical abrasion
pharynx
oesophagus
cervix

Question 19

describe squamos cells

Answer 19

look flattened

wider than they are tall

Question 20

describe cuboidal cells

Answer 20

cube shape

same width and height

Question 21

describe columnar cells

Answer 21

like rectangles

higher than they are wide

Question 22

where will simple squamos epithelia usually be found

Answer 22

lungs

capillaries

Question 23

describe features of pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 23

appears stratified (more than one cell thick)
all cells sit on basement membrane but not all reach surface

Question 24

where is the nuclei of pseudostratified epithelium usually located

Answer 24

towards basal end

Question 25

can cilia be present on stratified epithelium?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

can cilia be present on pseudostratified epithelium

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

where can pseudo stratified epithelium only be found found

Answer 27

conducting zone of respiratory tract

respiratory epithelium

Question 28

what is transitional epithelium

Answer 28

a type of stratified epithelium where:
basal layer roughly cuboidal
apical cells are dome shaped

Question 29

what is a feature of apical cells of transitional epithelium

Answer 29

dome shaped

may be multinucleate

Question 30

what type is endothelium?

Answer 30

simple squamous

Question 31

functions of epithelia

Answer 31

protective barrier
selective barrier
gland formations
absorption

Question 32

what type of cells are goblet cells

Answer 32

modified columnar

Question 33

what epithelium mediates gas exchange

Answer 33

simple squamous

Question 34

what epithelium mediates absorption & secretion

Answer 34

simple usually columnar

Question 35

what epithelium mediates filtration

Answer 35

simple

Question 36

what epithelium mediates reabsorption

Answer 36

simple cuboidal

Question 37

what epithelium lines organs which are subject to large changes in volume?

Answer 37

transitional

Question 38

what epithelium lines trachea

Answer 38

Pseudostratified columnar