L33: Rhabdoviridae (Romero) Flashcards

1
Q

4 genera of Rhabdoviridae family

A

Lyssavirus (ie. rabies)
Ephemerovirus (bovine ephemeral fever)
Vesiculovirus (vesicular stomatitis virus)
Novirhabdovirus (ie. viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus)

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2
Q

Rhabdovirus structure and general chars.

A
  • enveloped
  • bullet-shaped
  • ssRNA
  • matures by budding through cell membrane
  • vesicular stomatitis virus produces in cell cultures while rabies does not
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3
Q

rabies virus general chars.

A
  • in family lyssavirus (genera Rhabdoviridae)

- 30,000 people vaccinated q yer after potential exposure**

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4
Q

transmission of rabies virus

A
  • bite of rabid animals most common
  • aerosol transmission in bat caves may be possible
  • infected tissue transplant
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5
Q

Epidemiology of rabies

A
  • grouped into genotypes based on sequencing, monoclonal Ab reactivity
  • phylogenetic analyses can identify which species virus originated
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6
Q

2 clinical forms of Rabies

A

Furious

Dumb/Paralytic

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7
Q

Signs of Furious rabies

A
  • restless, nervous, aggression
  • bites at anyone
  • pharyngeal paralysis
  • excessive salivation
  • fear of light/sound
  • progresses to dumb rabies, seizure, coma, resp. arrest, death
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8
Q

Rabies vaccination**

A
  • numerous vax available

- very effective b/c of the delay b/w initial replication in muscle cells and entry into the nervous system**

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9
Q

Dx of rabies**

A
  • presence of Negri bodies in neurons (only reliable if positive!)**
  • immunofluorescence of frozen brain sections has better sensitivity (GOLD STANDARD)**
  • RT-PCR
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10
Q

control of Rabies in US

A

-by killed vaccine only in the US**

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11
Q

Vesicular stomatitis virus belongs to what genus/family?

A

Genus: Rhabdoviridae
Family: Vesiculovirus

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12
Q

Vesicular stomatitis virus general chars.

A
  • dz in cattle, horse, pigs
  • can be confused with foot and mouth disease
  • lameness in horses, swine
  • production losses in cattle, swine
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13
Q

Does Foot and Mouth disease virus infect horses?**

A

NO

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14
Q

geographical distribution of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)

A
  • restricted to western hemisphere
  • New Jersey VSV most common and widespread
  • Indiana VSV less common but similar spread
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15
Q

transmission of vesicular stomatitis virus

A
  • biting insects
  • sand flies transmit VSV transovarially and may maintain VSV enzootic**
  • virus hardy, persists in env.
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16
Q

CS of vesicular stomatitis virus

A
  • rapidly developing lesions
  • excess salivation/fever
  • lameness first sign in swine
  • vesicles around mouth/coronary bands rupture –> ulcers
17
Q

Path. of vesicular stomatitis virus**

A
  • penetrates through breaks in mucosa/skin
  • viremia only evident in swine!!**
  • lesions source of virus
  • can be mechanically transmitted by arthropods
18
Q

Dx of vesicular stomatitis virus**

A
  • clinically indistinguishable from FMD**
  • cell culture
  • serology
19
Q

control of vesicular stomatitis virus

A
  • re-infection possible
  • avoid pastures known to be sites of transmission
  • insect control, quarantine, movement
  • vax not widely used
20
Q

Is vesicular stomatitis virus zoonotic?

A

Y (flu-like symptoms